环境民事公益诉讼的既判力强化路径研究——以诉讼主体和成本的必要性审查为视角  

Research on the Path of Strengthening Res Judicata of Environmental Civil Public Interest Litigation:From the Perspective of Necessity Examination of Litigation Subject and Cost

作　　者：孙啸宇 姜双林[1] SUN Xiaoyu;JIANG Shuanglin(School of Humanities and Law, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学文法学院,杭州311300

出　　处：《合肥工业大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期111-119,共9页Journal of Hefei University of Technology(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(18BFX177)。

摘　　要：环境民事公益诉讼的既判力既关系裁判本身的稳定性,又和环境公益保护之实效息息相关。因为存在诉讼主体抽象化雷同、诉讼标的公益化同一和诉讼请求必要性缺失的情况,所以环境民事公益诉讼的既判力在实务中产生了争议。而从诉讼成本的流动向度和构成成分出发,结合相关裁判文书与法律法规,可发现环境民事公益诉讼的既判力弱化的重要缘由就是公益目的和私益形式的不协调。因此在程序方面可通过深化执行程序代替另行起诉,强化在环境民事公益诉讼中具有强关联性的事由的既判力,而在实体内容方面则以必要性审查减少非公益性成本对既判力的削弱。The res judicata of environmental civil public interest litigation is not only related to the stability of the referee itself,but also closely related to the actual effect of environmental public interest protection.Because of the similarity of the abstraction of the subject of litigation,the identity of the public welfare of the object of action and the lack of necessity of litigation claim,its res judicata is controversial in practice.In view of the flow dimension and composition of litigation costs,combined with the relevant judicial documents and laws and regulations,it can be found that the important reason for the weakening of res judicata of environmental civil public interest litigation is the disharmony between the purpose of public welfare and the form of private interest.As for the environmental civil public interest litigation procedure,the res judicata of strongly related events can be strengthened by deepening the enforcement procedure instead of separate prosecution;with regard to the substantive content,necessity examination can be used to reduce the weakening of res judicata by non-public welfare costs.

关 键 词：环境民事公益诉讼 共同诉讼 既判力 诉讼成本 

分 类 号：D912.6[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] D915.2[政治法律—法学]