机械送排口布局对排烟效果影响的仿真分析  

Simulation Analysis on the Influence of Mechanical Outlet Layout upon Smoke Exhaust Effect

作　　者：丁磊明 邱金水[1] DING Lei-ming;QIU Jin-shui(College of Power Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《船海工程》2021年第6期135-140,共6页Ship & Ocean Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51705529)。

摘　　要：为了解不同送风口与排烟口的布局对排烟效果的影响,对6种常用的机械送排口布局,利用火灾动力学软件FDS对某船舶机舱建立全尺寸模型,进行火灾仿真模拟,计算分析火场温度分布、CO体积分数以及烟气层高度变化规律,结果表明,单送风口会使火羽流位置发生显著变化,火源两侧温度和烟气层高度变化较大;相比于单送风口,双送风口工况下,火源两侧温度和烟气层高度相差不大。当送风口布置在舱室上方且送风方向垂直向下时,会使舱室内产生向下运动的气流,不利于烟气到达顶棚排烟口附近,排烟效率降低,采用双排烟方式排烟,更有利于人员疏散和灭火作业。In order to discuss the influence of different layout of feed and vent on the smoke exhaust effect,the fire in engine room of a ship was simulated by using fire dynamics software FDS,aiming at six common layout of feed and vent.Fire temperature distribution was studied,as well as the change law of CO concentration and smoke layer height.The results showed that the single air ports will be significant changes in the position of the fire plume,close to the side of the temperature of air supply outlet can get better control,smoke layer can maintain at a high altitude,from air supply outlet higher temperature and smoke layer height decreased;compared with the single air outlet,the temperature on both sides of the fire source and the height of the flue gas layer change little under the condition of double air outlet.When the air supply outlet is arranged above the cabin and the direction of the air supply is vertically downward,downward moving airflow will be generated in the cabin,which is not conducive to the smoke reaching the ceiling near the exhaust outlet and reduces the smoke exhaust efficiency.Double smoke exhaust is more conducive to evacuation and fire extinguishing operation.

关 键 词：机舱火灾 机械排烟 送排口布置 火灾模拟 

分 类 号：U664.88[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] X932[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程]