基于微压计观测的暴雨过程重力波特征分析  

Analysis of characteristics of gravity waves of heavy rainfall event based on microbarograph observation

作　　者：王秀娟 冉令坤[3] 齐彦斌 马淑萍 慕秀香[4] 姜忠宝[5] 毕潇潇[4] Wang Xiu-Juan;Ran Ling-Kun;Qi Yan-Bin;Ma Shu-Ping;Mu Xiu-Xiang;Jiang Zhong-Bao;Bi Xiao-Xiao(Jilin Province Technology Center for Meteorological Disaster Prevention,Changchun 130062,China;Joint Open Laboratory for Weather Modification of Jilin Provincial People’s Government,China Meteorological Administration,Changchun 130062,China;Key Laboratory of Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Severe Storms of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Meteorological Observatory of Jilin Province,Changchun 130062,China;Climate Center of Jilin Province,Jilin Province Meteorological Bureau,Changchun 130062,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省气象灾害防御技术中心,长春130062 [2]中国气象局吉林省人民政府人工影响天气联合开放实验室,长春130062 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所,中国科学院云降水物理与强风暴重点实验室,北京100029 [4]吉林省气象台,长春130062 [5]吉林省气候中心,长春130062

出　　处：《物理学报》2021年第23期266-278,共13页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:41775140,41975182);国家重点研发计划(批准号:2016YFC0200503);吉林省重点科技研发项目(批准号:20180201035SF)资助的课题.

摘　　要：利用高精度微压计数据、卫星、地面观测数据和GDAS数据,对2020年7月29日-30日东北冷涡暴雨过程重力波特征进行分析,结果表明:重力波激发了此次暴雨,在暴雨发生前2-4 h,出现了周期约128 min的重力波先兆活动;在暴雨期间,重力波周期集中在120-180 min;在强对流发展期间出现了周期为128-256 min的重力波和8-64 min周期更短的重力波.强对流与重力波相互影响、相互作用.强对流发展时,地面出现雷暴高压、冷池、出流边界,在冷池前方形成气流辐合区;气流辐合辐散区向前移动,形成重力波传播,最终激发暴雨.重力波先兆活动这一特征对东北冷涡暴雨有一定的指示预警意义.Taking advantage of high-precision microbarograph data,satellite,ground measured data and GDAS data,the characteristics of gravity waves during the cold vortex heavy rainfall in Northeast China on 29−30 July 2020 are analyzed.The results show that the gravity waves initiate this heavy rainfall.In 2−4 h before the heavy rainfall,there appear the precursor activities of gravity waves with a period of about 128 min.During the heavy rainfall,the periods of gravity waves concentrate in a range of 120−180 min.During the development of convective storms,there occur gravity waves with periods in a range of 128−256 min.And severe storms spark the gravity waves with shorter periods(8−64 min).The relationship between rainstorm and gravity wave is interactive.When severe storms develop,there occur thunderstorm high pressure,cold pool and out-flow boundary.In the front of cold pool,there is formed a flow convergence.The convergence and divergence of air flow propagate forward,forming gravity waves and finally triggering the rainstorm.The characteristics of precursor activities of gravity waves may play a positive role in warning heavy rainfall during the cold vortex in Northeast China.

关 键 词：重力波 微压计 东北冷涡 暴雨 

分 类 号：P412[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P458.121.1