冻结立井爆破井壁振动与围岩损伤控制研究  

Shaft lining vibration and surrounding rock damage control after freezing shaft blasting

作　　者：付晓强 俞缙[2] FU Xiaoqiang;YU Jin(College of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Sanming University,Sanming Fujian 365004,China;Fujian Research Center for Tunneling and Urban Underground Space Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen Fujian 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]三明学院建筑工程学院,福建三明365004 [2]华侨大学福建省隧道与城市地下空间工程技术研究中心,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2021年第9期67-74,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金资助(2020J01390);三明学院国家基金培育计划项目资助(PYT2008);国家自然科学基金面上项目资助(51874144,42077254)。

摘　　要：为解决冻结立井爆破产生的井壁振动及围岩损伤难题,实时监测井壁振动并拍摄爆破后的冻结壁成型图像;通过可调品质因子小波变换(TQWT)算法实现了井壁振动信号特征的精细化提取,利用主动轮廓模型(ACM)、随机森林算法(RFA),分析切缝药包控制爆破围岩成型效果,并实现不同爆破条件下围岩图像的特征辨识和科学分类。研究表明:通过爆破参数优化可有效减小井壁振动并降低围岩损伤;切缝药包控制爆破具有减振、护壁、降损的效果,且岩石坚固性系数越高,切缝药包爆破应用效果越优。In order to address problems of shaft lining vibration and surrounding rock damage caused by blasting of freezing shaft,shaft lining vibration was monitored in real time and frozen walls’ formed images after blasting were taken. Then,TQWT( Tunable Q-factor Wavelet Transform) was used to refine features of vibration signals,ACM( Active Contour Model) and RFA( Random Forest Algorithms) were adopted to analyze shaping effect of surrounding rock for controlled blasting with slotted cartridge charge,and feature recognition and scientific classification of rock images under different blasting conditions were carried out.The results show that vibration of shaft lining and damage of surrounding rock can be effectively reduced by optimizing blasting parameters. Controlled blasting technology with slotted cartridge charge has effects of vibration reduction,shaft lining protection and damage reduction,and the higher Prussian coefficient of rock is,the better application effect of slotted charge blasting will be.

关 键 词：立井爆破 冻结壁 切缝药包 井壁振动 围岩损伤 

分 类 号：X936[环境科学与工程—安全科学]