成形全过程奥氏体混晶预测模型及其工程应用  

Prediction model of austenitic mixed grains in the whole forming process and its application in engineering

作　　者：樊璐璐 刘晓飞 翟月雯 张鹏 莫安军 Fan Lulu;Liu Xiaofei;Zhai Yuewen;Zhang Peng;Mo Anjun(China Productivity Center for Machinery,Beijing 100044,China;Beijing Research Institute of Mechanical&Electrical Technology LAd.,Beijing 100083,China;China National Erzhong Group Deyang Wanhang Die Forging Co,Ltd.,Deyang 618000,China)

机构地区：[1]中机生产力促进中心,北京100044 [2]北京机电研究所有限公司,北京100083 [3]中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《锻压技术》2021年第11期49-61,共13页Forging & Stamping Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项支持项目(2018ZX04044-001)。

摘　　要：针对材料热成形过程中奥氏体混晶现象的形成规律与原因,提出一种基于12个微观组织变量的奥氏体混晶预测模型。借助多个微观变量使得模型可详细地描述相区的晶粒尺寸、晶粒分布状态及量化材料奥氏体混晶缺陷程度。模型可预测材料在加工硬化、动态再结晶、亚动态再结晶、静态再结晶、静态晶粒长大5种微观机制下的晶粒演化过程,且5种微观机制的子模型之间可根据宏微观状态自动切换。以某航空300M钢大型锻件为工程应用研究对象,并通过二次开发将预测模型嵌入锻造模拟软件,实现了其锤锻与模锻两种工艺下成形全过程的奥氏体晶粒演化模拟;通过跟踪材料内部关键区域宏/微观变量变化情况,揭示了锻件混晶现象产生的原因和演化规律,为现行锻造工艺优化及后续热处理工艺实施提供了重要依据。For the formation law and reason of austenite mixed grains phenomenon during the thermoforming process of materials, a prediction model of austenite mixed grains based on twelve microstructure variables was proposed, which described in detail the grain sizes and grain distribution state of the phase zone, and quantified the defect degree of austenite mixed grains in the materials. Then, the model predicted the evolution processes for grains in the materials under five micro-mechanisms of work hardening, dynamic recrystallization, sub-dynamic recrystallization, static recrystallization and static grain growth, and the sub-models of the five micro-mechanisms were automatically switched according to the macro and micro states. Furthermore, taking an aerospace 300 M steel large forgings as an engineering application research object, through the secondary development, the prediction model was embedded in the forging simulation software to realize the austenite grains evolution simulation of the whole forming process under the two processes of hammer forging and die forging, and the reason and evolution law of the mixed grains phenomenon for forgings were revealed by tracking the changes of the macro and micro variables in the key areas inside the materials to provide an important basis for the optimization on the current forging process and the implementation of the subsequent heat treatment process.

关 键 词：混晶 奥氏体 再结晶 晶粒尺寸 锤锻 模锻 

分 类 号：TG111.7[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]