超短裙竹荪培养条件优化及其驯化  

Culture Condition Optimization and Domestication of Phallus ultraduplicatus

作　　者：李政 刘宇 王建瑞 LI Zheng;LIU Yu;WANG Jianrui(Agriculture college of Ludong university,Yantai 264025,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]鲁东大学农学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2021年第6期68-79,共12页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2019GSF108165)。

摘　　要：对采自山东省罗山国家森林公园的野生超短裙竹荪(Phallus ultraduplicatus)进行培养条件优化和驯化,以菌丝体生物量和菌丝生长速度为指标,采用单因素实验筛选不同碳源、氮源、碳氮比、pH、温度对菌丝生长的影响;以菌丝体生物量为指标,采用响应面法优化单因素实验结果,得到最佳培养条件;采用木屑、棉籽壳、玉米芯、麦麸、麦粒等设置7种不同配方筛选栽培料最佳配方和碳氮比,根据最佳配方和碳氮比重新调整配方覆土栽培出菇。结果表明:菌丝生长最适碳源为葡萄糖,最适氮源为蛋白胨,最适碳氮比为20∶1~40∶1,最适pH为5~7,最适温度为25~28℃;最佳培养条件为葡萄糖15.3 g·L^(-1)、蛋白胨2.3 g·L^(-1)、pH 6.5、培养温度26℃;以80%木屑、18%麦麸、1%石膏粉、1%蔗糖为栽培料,碳氮比为60∶1时,菌丝生长速度最快,经覆土栽培25 d形成菇蕾,菇蕾逐渐膨大,30~45 d后菌盖突破菇蕾外包被,菌柄伸出,子实体成熟,生物学效率为34%。A wild strain of Phallus ultraduplicatus from Luoshan National Forest Park in Shandong province was studied for culture condition and then subjected to domestication.Using mycelial biomass and mycelial growth rate as the selection criteria,single factor experiments were conducted to screen suitable carbon source,nitrogen source,C/N ratio,pH and temperature.Then using mycelial biomass as the selection criterion,the response surface methodology was used to further optimize the optimal cultivation conditions inferred by the single factor experiment results.For optimizing cultivation substrate for domestication,seven formulas consisted of different proportions of saw dust,cottonseed hull,corn cob,wheat bran and other materials were screened and then optimized for C/N ratio.The optimal cultivation substrate was further optimized to obtain casing soil for fruiting body development.The results showed that the optimal carbon source,nitrogen source,C/N ratio,pH and temperature were glucose,peptone,20∶1-30∶1,5-7 and 25-28℃,respectively.The optimal conditions were as follows:15.3 g·L^(-1) glucose,2.3 g·L^(-1) peptone,pH 6.5,and temperature 26℃.Mycelial growth rate was the fastest on the cultivation substrate comprising 80%sawdust,18%wheat bran,1%gypsum powder and 1%sucrose at a C/N ratio of 60∶1.After cultivation with casing soil for 25 d,buttons developed and then gradually expanded.Between 30-45 d,pilei broke through exoperidium of button,stipes stretched out and fruiting bodies matured,and the biological efficiency was 34%.

关 键 词：单因素 响应面 培养 覆土 驯化 

分 类 号：S646.8[农业科学—蔬菜学]