黄土塬地区宽方位滚动非纵三维地震采集技术研究  

Study on Wide Azimuth Rolling Off-Line 3D Seismic Acquisition Technology in Loess Plateau Region

作　　者：邓卫斌 苏海 杜昊 DENG Wei-bin;SU Hai;DU Hao(Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an 710065,China;Hebei GEO University,Shijiazhuang 050031,China)

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学地球科学与工程学院陕西省油气成藏地质学重点实验室,陕西西安710065 [2]河北地质大学,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《河北地质大学学报》2021年第6期60-66,共7页Journal of Hebei Geo University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41772140)。

摘　　要：随着黄土塬地区的不断探索,巨厚黄土地震采集技术由依附于天然沟壑中的沟中弯线采集方法,发展到借鉴三维叠加原理增加测线的黄土山地采集方法,进而基于非纵采集方法汲取三维平行线束观测系统采集技术,提出了宽方位滚动非纵三维地震采集方法,采用多线激发多线接收,获取更大的面元叠加次数;加宽观测方位角,压制干扰波;增加非纵距,避开强干扰区,以此解决巨厚黄土地区信噪比、分辨率低及成像品质差的问题。通过对其观测系统参数的分析,以基础知识为依托理论结合实际测试效果选择合适的观测参数,确定了采用两炮四线进行激发并获取了四条叠加剖面,其中叠加剖面L2成像效果最佳,能清晰的反应出倾角较小的构造地质体,为预测油气储层提供了切实的帮助。With the continuous exploration of the loess tableland,the seismic acquisition technology has developed from the acquisition method of the curve line in the gully attached to the natural gully to the acquisition method of adding survey line according to the three-dimensional superposition principle in the loess mountain area.Then,based on the off-line acquisition method,a wide azimuth rolling off-line 3D seismic acquisition method is proposed by referring to the acquisition technology of 3D parallel line harness observation system,which adopts multi-line excitation and multi-line reception to obtain larger surface element stack times.This acquisition method not only widens the azimuth Angle of observation and suppresses the interference wave,but also increases the non-longitudinal distance to avoid the strong interference area,and solves the problems of signal-to-noise ratio,low resolution and poor imaging quality in the huge thick loess area.Through the analysis of its observation system parameters,based on the basic knowledge,the theory combined with the actual test results to choose the appropriate observation parameters,determined to use two guns and four lines to excite and obtain four superimposed profiles,the seismic superposition section L2 has the best imaging effect,which can clearly reflect the tectonic geological body with small dip Angle,and provides practical help for the prediction of oil and gas reservoirs.

关 键 词：黄土塬 宽方位 滚动非纵地震 信噪比 成像品质 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]