儿童重症社区获得性肺炎病原体分布情况分析  

Pathogen Analysis of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children

作　　者：戴小娟 杨小云 DAI Xiao-juan;YANG Xiao-yun(Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Fujian Zhangzhou 363000)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属漳州市医院,福建漳州363000

出　　处：《深圳中西医结合杂志》2021年第18期32-34,共3页Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

摘　　要：目的:探讨儿童重症社区获得性肺炎(CAP)的病原体分布情况,为临床诊治疾病提供参考依据。方法:选取2019年1月至2020年12月于福建医科大学附属漳州市医院住院治疗的473例重症CAP患儿为研究对象,其中,2019年纳入273例,2020年纳入200例,对所有患儿的资料进行统计,并且采集静脉血液标本与痰液标本,进行肺炎病原体监测、细菌、病毒鉴定,对结果进行统计分析。结果:473例患儿共检出病原体408例,检出率为86.26%;2019年患儿的病原体检出率为86.81%(237/273),2020年为85.50%(171/200);不同年份患儿的病原体检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年份患儿的细菌、真菌、病毒检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),2019年患儿的肺炎支原体的检出率高于2020年,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2019年检出细菌、真菌、病毒中,分别以流感嗜血杆菌、白假丝酵母菌、乙型流感占比最高;2020年分别以肺炎克雷伯菌、白假丝酵母菌、呼吸道合胞病毒占比最高。结论:儿童重症CAP的感染病原体主要为细菌。Objective To investigate the pathogen distribution of severe community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)in children and provide a reference basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods A total of 473 children with severe CAP who were hospitalized in Zhangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University between January 2019 and December 2020 were selected as the study subjects,of which,273 cases were included in 2019 and 200 cases were included in 2020.The data of all children were statistically analyzed,and venous blood samples and sputum samples were collected for M.pneumoniae surveillance,bacterial and viral identification,Statistical analysis was performed on the results.Results A total of 408 pathogens were identified in 473 children(86.26%);The detection rate of pathogenic variants in children was 86.81%(237/273)in 2019 and 85.50%(171/200)in 2020;There was no significant difference between the pathogen detection rates of children in different years(P>0.05;However,there was no significant difference in the detection rates of bacteria,fungi and viruses between the different years(P>0.05),and the detection rate of M.pneumoniae in 2019 children was higher than that in 2020 children(P<0.05).In 2019,bacteria,fungi and viruses were detected,respectively,with Haemophilus influenzae,Candida albicans and influenza B accounting for the highest proportion;in 2020,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Candida albicans,and respiratory syncytial virus accounted for the highest proportion,respectively.Conclusion The infecting pathogens of severe CAP in children are mainly bacteria.

关 键 词：社区获得性肺炎 病原体 儿童 

分 类 号：R563.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]