句法层面“第三语码”的计量研究  

A quantitative analysis of“the third code”at the syntactic level

作　　者：蒋跃[1] 马瑞敏 韩红建 JIANG Yue;MA Ruimin;HAN Hongjian(School of Foreign Studies,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;School of Foreign Studies,Xi’an University,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学外国语学院,陕西省西安市710049 [2]西安文理学院外国语学院,陕西省西安市710065

出　　处：《外语教学与研究》2021年第6期830-841,958,959,共14页Foreign Language Teaching and Research

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目“计量语言学范式下的学习者翻译语言特征研究”(2021K001)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：翻译语言因具有区别于源语和原创语言的独特语言特征而被称为"第三语码"。本研究基于自建汉英文学翻译平行语料库和英语原创可比语料库,引入计量语言学中的句法结构定律探究"第三语码",以期精确、动态、科学地捕捉翻译语言的语言结构与其属性之间关系的普遍规律和特征。研究验证了句长分布定律(语言结构–句长与其频次)和门策拉–阿尔特曼定律(语言结构–句长与语言成分–小句长)在翻译英语、原创英语和源语汉语中跨语言的普适性,并发现定律公式的相关拟合参数在一定程度上可反映翻译英语与原创英语和源语汉语在句子系统的组织方式和句子–小句之间动态变化关系上的类型学差异,间接证实了"第三语码"的存在,为解读翻译语言特征及其背后的翻译认知过程提供了新视角和方法。Different from both the source and the target original(non-translated)languages,translational language is regarded as"the third code".Based on a self-built parallel Chinese-English corpus and a comparable English corpus of literary texts,this study delves into"the third code"by the relevant syntactic laws in quantitative linguistics,aiming to capture the universals and features between language constructs and their attributes in a precise,dynamic and scientific way.The results corroborate that the law for sentence length distribution(language construct-sentence and its frequency)and Menzerath-Altmann Law(sentence and its constituent-clause)are universally applicable to translated English,original English and source Chinese texts.It further suggests that,to some extent,the relevant fitting parameters of the laws can differentiate translational language from both the source and original languages regarding the organization of sentence system and the dynamic sentence-clause relation in the internal sentence structure.This study might provide a novel approach to the uniqueness of translational language as"the third code"and the cognitive principle underlying the dynamic translating process.

关 键 词：第三语码 句长分布定律 门策拉–阿尔特曼定律 

分 类 号：H059[语言文字—语言学]