三种苦参碱制剂对非靶标生物的毒性研究  

Study on Toxicity of Three Matrine Preparations to Non-target Organisms

作　　者：吴迟 孙田 何明远 蒋红云[1] 张兰[1] 张燕宁[1] 毛连纲[1] 朱丽珍 郑永权[1] 刘新刚[1] WU Chi;SUN Tian;HE Mingyuan;JIANG Hongyun;ZHANG Lan;ZHANG Yanning;MAO Liangang;ZHU Lizhen;ZHENG Yongquan;LIU Xingang(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing100193,China;Guangxi SPR Technology Co.,Ltd.,Nanning530001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]广西思浦林科技有限公司,南宁530001

出　　处：《现代农药》2021年第6期38-43,52,共7页MODERN AGROCHEMICALS

摘　　要：通过研究3种苦参碱制剂对非靶标生物的急性毒性效应,以评价不同苦参碱制剂对非靶标生物的毒性风险。结果表明,0.5%苦参碱水剂和0.3%苦参碱可湿性粉剂对日本鹌鹑和蜜蜂已达到试验条件下可达到的最高剂量,未产生明显的毒性效应。0.6%苦参碱可溶液剂对日本鹌鹑的毒性为高毒,对蜜蜂的毒性为低毒。0.6%苦参碱可溶液剂、0.5%苦参碱水剂和0.3%苦参碱可湿性粉剂对家蚕的毒性分别为中毒、低毒和高毒;对斑马鱼的毒性分别为中毒、高毒和高毒;对大型溞的毒性分别为中毒、中毒和剧毒。由此可见,虽然苦参碱作为植物源农药具有对环境友好等特点,但其制剂产品可能对部分非靶标生物具有毒性效应。因此,在剂型研制过程中,建议选用高效安全的助剂,以避免使用过程中对非靶标生物造成危害。The acute toxicity effect of three matrine preparations on non-target organisms were studied to evaluate the toxicity risks.0.5%matrine AS and 0.3%matrine WP reached the highest doses that could be achieved under the test conditions,and had no obvious toxic effects on Japanese quail and honeybees.0.6%matrine SL was high toxicity to Japanese quail and low toxicity to honeybees.Toxicity of 0.6%matrine SL,0.5%matrine AS and 0.3%matrine WP were medium toxicity,low toxicity and high toxicity to silkworms,respectively;medium toxicity,high toxicity and high toxicity to zebrafish,respectively;medium toxicity,medium toxicity and hyper toxicity to daphnia,respectively.Although matrine is an environment-friendly botanical pesticide,matrine preparations may have toxic effect on some non-target organisms.Therefore,it is suggested that effcient and environment-friendly adjuvants should be used in order to reduce the harm to non-target organisms when preparations are applied to farm fields.

关 键 词：苦参碱 制剂 植物源农药 非靶标生物 毒性 

分 类 号：TQ450.26[化学工程—农药化工]