汽车座椅骨架焊缝的疲劳寿命预估方法研究  

Study on Fatigue Life Prediction Method of Automobile Seat Skeleton Weld

作　　者：杨啟梁[1] 张新林 胡溧[1] 金杭 YANG Qi-liang;ZHANG Xin-lin;HU Li;JI Hang(School of Automotive Transportation Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Hubei Wuhan 430081,China;Dongfeng Adient Automotive Seating Co.,Ltd.,Hubei Wuhan 430058,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学汽车与交通工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]东风安道拓汽车座椅有限公司,湖北武汉430058

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2021年第12期107-111,115,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：汽车车身薄壁件颗粒阻尼复合结构振动—声学特性分析与优化(51105283)。

摘　　要：针对座椅骨架的疲劳强度进行分析,尤其是骨架中焊缝的疲劳方法进行研究分析;首先建立座椅骨架及焊缝的有限元模型,分别基于Hypermesh软件,使用Block Lanczos法进行了计算模态分析,基于LMS Test.lab软件,使用锤击法进行了试验模态分析,对有限元模型进行校验,并确定了焊缝的材料属性;对校验后的有限元模型进行静力分析得出结构强度薄弱的位置,尤其是危险焊缝的位置;进而基于Ncode软件采用Miner损伤法则,在针对特定焊缝类型进行应力修正,计算出其疲劳寿命;根据企业的疲劳试验结果,对该方法进行验证分析,结果表明此疲劳计算方法对座椅骨架焊缝的寿命预估准确有效,为分析和改善该类座椅骨架的焊接寿命奠定了基础,为此类结构的设计与优化提供了参考。The fatigue strength of the seat skeleton is analyzed,especially the fatigue method of the weld in the skeleton. Firstly,the finite element model of seat skeleton and weld is established. Based on Hypermesh software,the computational modal analysis is carried out by using Block Lanczos method. Based on LMS Test.lab software,the experimental modal analysis is carried out by hammering method,and the finite element model is verified. The material properties of the weld are determined. The static analysis of the checked finite element model shows that the strength of the structure is weak,especially the position of dangerous weld. Then,based on Ncode software,Miner damage rule is used to modify the stress of specific weld type and calculate its fatigue life. According to the fatigue test results of the enterprise,the method is verified and analyzed. The results show that the fatigue calculation method is accurate and effective for predicting the life of the seat skeleton weld,which lays a foundation for the analysis and improvement of the welding life of this kind of seat skeleton. It provides a reference for the design and improvement of this kind of structure.

关 键 词：座椅骨架 焊缝 计算模态 试验模态 疲劳分析 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] U467.3[机械工程—车辆工程]