一次强雹云过程冰雹增长机制分析及防雹探讨  

Mechanism analysis of hail growth during a strong hail cloud weather process and discussion on artificial hail prevention

作　　者：李红斌[1] 胡志群[2] 张靖萱 LI Hongbin;HU Zhiqun;ZHANG Jingxuan(Dalian Weather Modification Office,Dalian 116001,China;State Key Lab of Severe Weather,Chinese Academy of Meterological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Shenyang Meteorological Service Center,Shenyang 110168,China)

机构地区：[1]大连市人工影响天气办公室,辽宁大连116001 [2]中国气象科学研究院灾害天气国家重点实验室,北京100081 [3]沈阳市气象服务中心,辽宁沈阳110168

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2021年第5期64-71,共8页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重大自然灾害监测预警与防范“重点专项”人工影响天气技术集成综合科学试验与示范应用(2019YFC1510300)。

摘　　要：2018年9月29日大连市出现了强雹云天气过程。初始雹云在渤海上空生成,经3小时东移和发展演变,在大连北部沿海登陆并发展为成熟的强雹云。当地作业点及时开展人工防雹与联防作业,并对作业前后雹云雷达特征参数变化及成熟强雹云空间结构特征等进行分析,深入研究和探讨了成熟强雹云有效人工防雹两道防线技术方法,即在重要作物保护区上游空旷地带,或低值作物区增设人工防雹高炮,当成熟强雹云进入该高炮射程,立即实施高炮作业(且仰角≥55℃,即打在雹云强回波区),促使冰雹提前和充分降落,从而保护下游的重要作物,将雹灾损失降到最低,达到人工防雹的目的。A typical strong cloud weather event occurred in Dalian on September 29,2018.After more than three hours of eastward migration and evolution,the initial hail cloud landed in the northern mountain area of Dalian and developed into mature strong hail cloud.Artificial hail suppression and joint prevention were carried out successively.The change of radar characteristic parameters and the spatial structure of mature strong hail cloud are analyzed before and after the operation.The technique of effectively artificial suppressing mature strong hail cloud are suggested,that is,to add anti-aircraft guns to the open area upstream of important crop protection area or low value crop area,and implement the anti-aircraft gun operation immediately(elevation angle ≥55℃),when mature strong hail cloud enters the range of anti-aircraft to protect the important crops in the downstream and minimize the loss of hail disaster,which can achieve the purpose of artificial hail suppression.

关 键 词：强雹云 冰雹增长机制分析 防雹探讨 

分 类 号：P482[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P429