福建省直播稻根结线虫病的病原种类鉴定  

Identification of pathogen species of rice root-knot nematode disease of direct seeding rice(Oryza sativa)in Fujian Province

作　　者：柯叶鑫 陈晶伟 肖顺[1] 杨小龙 程曦 刘国坤[1] KE Yexin;CHEN Jingwei;XIAO Shun;YANG Xiaolong;CHENG Xi;LIU Guokun(Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology,Ministry of Education,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350002,China;Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu Xuhuai Area,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweet Potato of Ministry of Agriculture,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221131,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生物农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,福建福州350002 [2]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所农业部甘薯生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,江苏徐州221131

出　　处：《生物安全学报》2021年第4期292-298,共7页Journal of biosafety

基　　金：福建省现代农业水稻产业技术体系建设项目(2019-2021)。

摘　　要：【目的】福建省福清市江镜镇与福安市潭溪镇水稻区直播稻苗期分别发生严重的根结线虫病,本研究对其病原物进行形态和分子鉴定,明确病原物种类,以期为福建省直播稻根结线虫病害防控提供理论依据。【方法】通过根结线虫各虫态形态学特征进行观测;同时对其rDNA-ITS区进行测序,通过贝叶斯法与最大似然法构建了系统发育树来确定种类;利用拟禾本科根结线虫特异性引物Mg-F/Mg-R检测种群。【结果】根结线虫的雌虫、雄虫和2龄幼虫的形态学特征与拟禾本科根结线虫原始描述种一致;rDNA-ITS区序列长度为576 bp,与GenBank拟禾本科根结线虫种群相似度均达99%以上;系统发育树明确了该根结线虫与拟禾本科根结线虫处于同一分支;特异性引物Mg-F/Mg-R检测进一步明确病原为拟禾本科根结线虫单一种群。【结论】本研究通过形态与分子特征,明确了在福建直播稻上发现的根结线虫为拟禾本科根结线虫。拟禾本科根结线虫在福建省最早于2011年在政和县小范围水稻田发现,此后未在其他水稻种植区发现。本次在福建直播稻上首次发现大面积的根结线虫为害。随着直播稻的种植面积扩大,拟禾本根结线虫引起的水稻病害可能会成为制约其发展的新问题,应引起足够重视。【Aim】Severe root-knot nematode disease occurs during the seedling stage of direct seeding rice in Jiangjing Town,Fuqing City and Tanxi Town,Fu′an City,Fujian Province.This study was performed to identify the species of Meloidogyne,based on morphological and molecular characteristics and to provide a insights for disease prevention and control.【Method】Morphological characteristics of the nematode were determined,and its rDNA ITS was sequenced.Phylogenetic trees were constructed based on the rDNA-ITS sequences using Bayesian and maximum likelihood analyses.The population was also examined using M.graminicola-specific primers.【Result】The morphological characteristics of female,male,and second-stage juveniles(J2)matched the original description of M.graminicola.The rDNA-ITS sequence was 576 bp long,and BLAST analysis suggested>99%similarity to other available M.graminicola sequences in GenBank.Phylogenetic analyses revealed that this nematode clustered with M.graminicola.Species identity was further confirmed using M.graminicola-specific primers.【Conclusion】In the study,the species of rice root-knot nematode parasitizing direct seeding rice in Fujian Province was confirmed as M.graminicola based on morphological and molecular data.The rice root-knot nematode disease caused by M.graminicola was first found in small scale rice field in Zhenghe County,Fujian Province in 2011,and has not been found again in other rice paddy fields in Fujian Province.The research has found M.graminicola has caused severe disease on direct seeding rice for the first time in Fujian Province.With the promotion of direct seeding rice,the disease caused by M.graminicola has become a major problem restricting direct seeding rice production and should thus receive sufficient attention.

关 键 词：直播稻 拟禾本科根结线虫 形态学鉴定 系统发育树 

分 类 号：S435.111[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]