植物金属硫蛋白的金属结合及解毒研究进展  

Research advance of plant metallothioneins in metal ion combination and detoxification

作　　者：美合日班·阿卜力米提 王艳[1] ABLIMIT Mehriban;WANG Yan(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering,College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2021年第6期104-110,共7页Journal of Biology

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区优秀科学人才项目(项目编号:2019Q013);国家地区自然科学基金项目(编号:31860061)。

摘　　要：在金属胁迫下,植物通过诱导产生金属硫蛋白(metallothioneins,MTs)调节金属的平衡、有毒重金属的缓冲及活性氧(reactive oxygen species,ROS)的清除。以植物金属硫蛋白发挥的功能为基础,对近年来国内外有关植物金属硫蛋白的金属结合及ROS清除功能和机制研究进行了综述。通过介绍MTs的金属-配体电荷转移特性,概述其能够结合不同金属离子的化学基础,因而在金属平衡和重金属解毒中发挥重要作用。此外,着重介绍植物在金属胁迫下可通过MTs巯基的氧化、与线粒体膜蛋白互作以及间接调节抗氧化物酶活性或基因的表达等途径清除ROS,缓解重金属对植物造成的氧化胁迫。Plants induce the metallothioneins(MTs)to regulate metal homeostasis,buffer toxic heavy metals and remove cell-damaging reactive oxygen species(ROS)under metal stress.Building upon functions on plant metallothioneins,the functions and mechanisms of metal ion binding ability and ROS scavenging at home and abroad for the past few years were reviewed.The chemical basis of MTs ability to bind different metal ions based on the characteristics of ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT)was summarized.MTs played important roles in metal homeostasis and heavy metal detoxification.Furthermore,the thiol groups in MTs could be oxidized.MTs interacted with the integral membrane proteins in the outer mitochondrial membrane,and indirectly regulated the activities of antioxidant enzymes or related genes expression to eliminate ROS in plants under heavy metal stress.

关 键 词：植物金属硫蛋白 金属解毒 活性氧清除 转录调控 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]