古代史家责任意识探析  

On the Sense of Responsibility of Ancient Chinese Historians

作　　者：陈娇娇 张秋升[1] CHEN Jiao-jiao;ZHANG Qiu-sheng(School of History and Culture,Tianjin Normal Uriiversity,Tianjiti 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学历史文化学院,天津300387

出　　处：《齐鲁学刊》2021年第6期28-41,共14页Qilu Journal

摘　　要：中国古代史家的治史责任主要有二:一是记载历史,二是惩劝世人。史家要对海内天下、千载万世负责。古代史家的责任意识主要表现在留存历史的主动担当、撰写信史的自觉追求两个方面。其产生原因有三:一是帝王的需求与支持,二是史家对历史重要性的认知,三是传统士人忧患意识的转化。古代史家的责任意识保障了历史记载的连续性,并在一定程度上维护了历史记载的真实性和历史评判的公正性。The discussion of history by ancient Chinese historians is mainly reflected in two aspects:One task is to record history,the other is to educate and regulate people’s behavior.Historians are responsible for generations of people in a wide area.The sense of responsibility of ancient historians is mainly embodied in two aspects:The active responsibility of preserving history and the conscious pursuit of writing the credible history.There are three main reasons for it:The first one is the request and guidance of the Emperor,the second one is the historian’s cognition of the importance of history,and the third one is the transformation of the traditional historian’s sense of urgency.The sense of responsibility of ancient historians guarantees the continuity of historical records and,to a certain extent,the authenticity of historical records and the impartiality of historical judgments.

关 键 词：中国古代史学 史家责任意识 传统史学精神 直书 存史 信史 惩恶劝善 

分 类 号：K092[历史地理—历史学]