核电站事故的公众防护行动  

Public protective actions against nuclear power plant accident

作　　者：陈惠芳[1] 袁龙[1] 雷翠萍[1] CHEN Huifang;YUAN Long;LEI Cuiping(National Institute for Radiological Protection,China CDC,Beijing 100088 China)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所,北京100088

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2021年第5期653-657,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：随着核能发展不断推进,居住在核电站周围的公众数量越来越多,但是他们普遍缺乏对核辐射的基础知识,对核事故的防护行动也知之甚少。而及时、正确的防护行动可以将核电站事故对公众的健康危害降到最低。本文介绍了核电站事故后,公众的防护行动:隐蔽、体表污染去污、撤离、服用稳定性碘、食品和饮用水控制、个人防护措施、宠物照料、心理援助等,以指导公众在事故后开展正确的自救与互救,提高公众对核电站事故的应急响应能力。With the continuous development of nuclear energy, more and more people live around nuclear power plants.However, they generally lack basic knowledge of nuclear radiation and know little about protective actions against nuclear accidents. Timely and correct protective actions can minimize the harm of nuclear power plant accidents to public health.This paper introduces the public protective actions after the nuclear power plant accident: sheltering, decontamination of body surface contamination, evacuation, stable iodine prophylaxis, food and drinking water control, personal protective measures, pet care and psychological support, to guide the public to carry out protection actions correctly and improve the public’s emergency response ability during the nuclear power plant accident.

关 键 词：核电站事故 防护行动 核应急 准备与响应 

分 类 号：X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]