巨尾桉精油及主要化合物对黄瓜种子萌发的影响  

Effects of Eucalyptus urophydis Essential Oil and Its Main Compounds on Seed Germination of Cucumber

作　　者：唐凤鸾[1] 陈月圆[1] 李典鹏[1] 赵健[1] TANG Fengluan;CHEN Yueyuan;LI Dianpeng;ZHAO Jian(Guangxi Institute of Botany,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the Chinese Academy of Sciences/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization,Guilin Guangxi 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所/广西植物功能物质研究与利用重点实验室,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《种子》2021年第11期107-112,共6页Seed

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AB 16380212,桂科AD 18281077)资助。

摘　　要：采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术对巨尾桉精油进行分析,通过黄瓜种子萌发及胚根生长检测了精油和主要化合物的化感作用,研究巨尾桉叶片精油及主要化合物对黄瓜种子萌发及胚根生长的影响。结果表明,巨尾桉精油中共鉴定出52种化合物。其中1,8-桉叶素、α-蒎烯、α-松油醇,α-松油醇乙酸萜烯和2-茨醇为其主要化合物。1,8-桉叶素与α-蒎烯,分别占总含量的39.54%和41.82%。精油对黄瓜种子萌发的抑制作用随着使用浓度的提高而加强,呈现出明显剂量依赖性;当浓度为100μg·mL^(-1)时,α-松油醇对黄瓜种子萌发的抑制率均达100%,1,8-桉叶素、α-松油醇乙酸萜烯、α-蒎烯和2-茨醇在光照和黑暗条件下的抑制率分别为68%、58%、7%、6%和52%、64%、13%、7%;2-茨醇和α-蒎烯的影响不明显;浓度为50μg·mL^(-1)的α-松油醇乙酸萜烯、1,8-桉叶素、α-松油醇在光照和黑暗条件下对种子萌发的抑制率分别为18%、33%、100%和23%、52%、100%;2μg·mL^(-1)的α-松油醇在光照和黑暗条件下的抑制率仍达22%和32%;精油和化合物对黄瓜胚根生长的抑制作用较萌发强,几乎能完全抑制胚根生长。研究表明,巨尾桉精油及主要化合物在光照和黑暗条件下对黄瓜生长都存在较强的抑制作用,黄瓜生产应远离巨尾桉树林。In this study,the essential oil of Eucalyptus urophydis was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and the allelopathic effects of essential oils and main compounds on seed germination and radicle growth of cucumber were studied.The results showed that 52 compounds were identified from E.urophydis essential oil.Among them,1,8-cineole,α-pinene,α-terpilenol,α-terpinol acetate terpene and 2-borneol were the main compounds,and the content of 1,8-cineole andα-pinene accounted for 39.54%and 41.82%of the total content,respectively.The inhibitory effect of essential oil on cucumber seed germination increased with the increase of concentration,presenting a significant dose dependence.The inhibition rate ofα-terpinol on cucumber seed germination reached 100%under the concentration of 100μg·mL^(-1),while the inhibition rates of 1,8-cineole,α-terpinol acetate terpene,α-pinene and 2-borneol under light and dark conditions were 68%,58%,7%,6%and 52%,64%,13%,7%,respectively.And,the inhibition rates ofα-terpinol acetate terpene,1,8-cineole andα-terpinol at 50μg·mL^(-1) under light and dark conditions were 18%,33%,100%and 23%,52%,100%,respectively.The inhibition rates ofα-terpinol at 2μg·mL^(-1) were 22%and 32%,respectively.The inhibition of essential oils and compounds on radicle growth of cucumber was stronger than germination,and almost completely inhibited radicle growth of cucumber.The results showed that E.urophydis essential oil and its main compounds had strong inhibitory effects on cucumber growth under light and dark conditions,and cucumber production should be far away from E.urophydis forest.

关 键 词：巨尾桉 精油 化感作用 黄瓜 萌发 

分 类 号：Q945.34[生物学—植物学] S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]