冬季外墙内表面温度对人体热舒适的影响研究  

Temperature Influence of Inner Surface of Exterior Wall on Human Thermal Comfort in Winter

作　　者：赵胜凯 杨柳 高斯如[1,2] 史明洋 翟永超 ZHAO Sheng-kai;YANG Liu;GAO Si-ru;SHI Ming-yang;ZHAI Yong-chao(State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China,Xi’an 710055,China;School of Architecture,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2021年第11期2-6,共5页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目“建筑节能设计基础参数研究”(2018YFC0704500);陕西省13115科技创新重大专项资助项目:超低能耗建筑室内外环境控制技术研发及应用(2018ZDCXL-SF-03-05)。

摘　　要：对西安某高校集中供暖建筑进行了现场调研,聚焦冬季外墙内表面温度低所引起的室内不均匀辐射热环境,调研内容主要包括热感觉、热舒适、热可接受度等主观问卷,以及室内空气温度、相对湿度、黑球温度、风速、不对称辐射温度和壁面温度等物理环境参数的测试。研究结果表明,西安地区冬季人体的中性温度为17.3℃。全身热舒适投票与壁面温差(空气温度-外墙内表面温度)、人与外墙的距离均有较好的线性关系,即人体舒适性随壁面温差的增加而降低、随身体与外墙距离的减小而降低。满足90%可接受百分比的不对称辐射温度上限Δt;为2.52℃,壁面温差Δt为2.36℃。偏凉环境下,不对称辐射温度和壁面温差的增加,会带来更多的热不适感。从整体舒适性的角度考虑,《民用建筑热工设计规范》规定的冬季外墙内表面温度与室内空气温度的差值不低于3℃,能够满足90%可接受百分比人体热舒适的要求。The current study investigates the impacts of asymmetric radiation on human thermal comfort through a field survey on a campus with district heating in Xi’an.The subjective investigation including thermal sensation,thermal comfort,and thermal acceptability.The indoor air temperature,relative humidity,black globe temperature,wind speed,radiation temperature asymmetric and wall temperature have been tested.The results show that the local thermal neutral temperature is 17.3℃in winter.The thermal comfort vote has a good linear relationship between air temperature and inner surface temperature of external wall.The human thermal comfort decreases with the increase of the wall temperature difference,and decreases with the decrease of the distance from the wall.The accepted temperature scope for 90%of the upper limit of the radiation temperature asymmetric(Δt;)is 2.52℃,and the wall temperature difference(Δt)is 2.36℃.Under the cool conditions,the increase of the asymmetric radiation temperature and the wall temperature difference will bring about greater discomfort.From the point of view of overall comfort,the difference between exterior wall inner surface temperature and indoor air temperature stipulated in the Thermal design Code for Civil Buildings in winter is not less than 3℃,which can meet the requirements of 90%acceptable percentage of human thermal comfort.

关 键 词：人体热反应 冬季不对称辐射温度 壁面温差 人体热舒适 现场调研 

分 类 号：TU11[建筑科学—建筑理论]