1785年后苏格兰高地渔业争取国家支持的经过  

The Process of Gaining the State’s Support of Improving Scottish Highland Fishery After 1785

作　　者：褚书达 CHU Shuda

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史学系,上海200082

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2021年第4期58-70,M0003,M0004,共15页Economic and Social History Review

摘　　要：苏格兰发展高地鲱鱼渔业,缘于苏格兰地方人士对高地贫困与人口流失的担忧。1785年以来,他们以伦敦高地协会作为主要活动平台,论证渔业改良的必要性与可行性,通过游说将民间诉求转化为国家议题,推动议会立法。在争取英国议会渔业立法的过程中,苏格兰地方人士积极阐发共同利益观,提供决策所需的地方信息。立法颁布后,通过依托不列颠渔业协会,苏格兰地方人士在落实发展方案、寻求后续支持的过程中仍发挥了重要作用。基层诉求顺利传达到国家顶层,体现了英国上下通达,理性决策的政治机制。Considering the local poverty and depopulation, Scotland decided to improve its Highland herring fishery. After 1785, the Scottish localities based on the Highland Society of London for activities, argued for the urgency and feasibility of the fishery improvement, transformed local demands into national issues through lobbying, and promoted the fisheries legislation. In the process of lobbying, the Scottish elites actively expounded the concept of common interests and provided the local information for Parliamentary decision-making. After the enactment of the legislation, the Scottish elites continued to play a leading role in implementing development proposals and seeking follow-up support from the state by relying on the newly founded British Fisheries Society. The transmission of local demands to the State Parliament embodied the British political mechanism of unobstructed communication and rational decision-making.

关 键 词：英国 苏格兰 议会立法 高地渔业 

分 类 号：F316.4[经济管理—产业经济]