犹太人基布兹组织性质辨析  

On the Nature of Jewish Kibbutz Organization

作　　者：饶本忠[1] RAO Benzhong

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学欧洲文明研究院,天津300387

出　　处：《经济社会史评论》2021年第4期83-95,M0004,共14页Economic and Social History Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“社会主义思想中的犹太因素研究”(17BSS014)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：基布兹是20世纪初出现在巴勒斯坦的犹太人集体定居点,至今存在于以色列国。由于基布兹长期实行财产公有、共同劳动、按需分配等制度,因此被认为是社会主义性质的组织。事实上,社会主义只是基布兹的表象,锡安主义是基布兹的本质。基布兹貌似社会主义实为锡安主义组织,领导基布兹的是锡安主义政党,基布兹的主要目标是在巴勒斯坦创建犹太民族国家和发展以色列国。20世纪后期以来,基布兹社会主义成分有所变化,但它的锡安主义性质没有改变。Kibbutz is a Jewish collective settlement which appeared in Palestine in the early 20^(th) century,and still exists in the state of Israel.It is often considered as a socialist organization because of its systems of public ownership of property,joint labor and distribution according to needs.In fact,the presentation of Kibbutz is socialism,the essence of it is Zionism.The Kibbutz appears to be socialist,but in reality it is a Zionist organization led by the Zionist party.The initial aim of the Kibbutz was to create a Jewish national state in Palestine and to develop the state of Israel.Since the late 20^(th) century,the socialist component of Kibbutz has been changed,but its Zionist nature has not been changed.

关 键 词：基布兹 社会主义 锡安主义 

分 类 号：D066[政治法律—政治学]