石家庄儿童脊柱侧弯现状及影响因素分析  

Current status and influencing factors of scoliosis of children in Shijiazhuang

作　　者：陈玉娟 李立 杨惠玲 胡雯雯 贾富池 翟凤鸣 CHEN Yujuan;LI Li;YANG Huiling;HU Wenwen;JIA Fuchi;ZHAI Fengming(Department of Physical Educationy Shijiazhuang University,Shijiazhuang(050035),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院体育学院,河北050035 [2]石家庄学院研究生工作办公室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第11期1674-1678,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目(21YJA890006);石家庄市社会科学界联合会社科专家培养项目(2019zjpy39)。

摘　　要：目的了解当前儿童脊柱侧弯现状及其主要影响因素,为脊柱侧弯防治提供参考。方法 2020年9—12月,采用随机整群法抽取石家庄4所幼儿园和3所小学的学生共1 500名为研究对象,采用人体静态身体姿态状况评估和Adams前屈试验法对研究对象进行脊柱侧弯筛查,并自行设计问卷调查其相关影响因素。结果 78名学生存在脊柱侧弯,占总人数的5.47%,其中男生17名,占被筛查男生的2.31%;女生61名,占被筛查女生的8.85%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,儿童成长过程中抱得过多、爬得较少、不良坐姿、不良站姿、缺乏维生素D、缺乏钙、长期从事单侧用力的体育项目、锻炼时间不足、平时用的桌子高度不合适、椅子高度不合适、女生均是儿童脊柱侧弯的危险因素(OR值分别为1.58,0.58,2.22,2.13,3.02,2.18,2.14,2.86,3.04,2.59,1.16,P值均<0.05)。结论儿童脊柱侧弯检出率较高,教育部门和家长应加以关注和防治,科学的养育方式可以有效降低少儿脊柱侧弯的发生。Objective To learn the current status of scoliosis of children and its influencing factors, so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment. Methods A total of 1 500 students selected from 4 kindergartens and 3 primary schools in Shijiazhuang were tested by static posture assessment and Adams flexion test to get the values, and self-designed questionnaire was designed to investigate the related factors. Results Totally 78 students were found with scoliosis, accounting for 5.47%. Among them, 17 boys(2.31% in boys) and 61 girls(8.85% in girls) were found with scoliosis, and the differences were of statistical significance(P<0.01). And the main risk factors of scoliosis in children included holding too much, less crawling, poor sitting and standing posture, lack of vitamin D and calcium, long-term unilateral exertion sports, insufficient exercise time, improper height of table and chair, as well as being girl(OR=1.58, 0.58, 2.22, 2.13, 3.02, 2.18, 2.14, 2.86, 3.04, 2.59, 1.16, P<0.05). Conclusion The detection rate of scoliosis in children is very high, the education department and parents should pay more attention for prevention, scientific rearing methods can effectively reduce the incidence of scoliosis in children.

关 键 词：脊柱侧凸 患病率 回归分析 儿童 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R681.5[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]