宁夏汉族中小学生2000—2019年超重与肥胖变化趋势  

Trends of overweight and prevalence among Ningxia Han ethnic students during 2000-2019

作　　者：张慧 赵海萍 黄子睿 张淑静 潘婷婷 牛晓丽 ZHANG Hui;ZHAO Haiping;HUANG Zirui;ZHANG Shujing;PAN Tingting;NIU Xiaoli(School of Public Health and Management,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan(150004),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,银川750004 [2]宁夏环境因素与慢性病控制重点实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2021年第11期1712-1716,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解2000—2019年宁夏7~18岁汉族中小学生超重肥胖变化趋势,为预防控制儿童青少年超重肥胖提供科学依据。方法基于2000—2019年5次"全国学生体质与健康调研"中宁夏地区数据,选取7~18岁汉族中小学生体重、身高等数据进行趋势分析。结果 2019年宁夏7~18岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖检出率分别为13.34%(1 181/8 855),9.19%(814/8 855),男生2000—2019年超重增长率为11.68%,肥胖增长率为10.07%(χ^(2)=27.60,P<0.01)。女生2000—2019年超重增长率为6.95%,肥胖增长率为5.77%(χ^(2)=33.82,P<0.01)。城市男生的超重和肥胖总体增长率均最高,为11.38%和10.45%。农村男生的超重和肥胖增长率在2010年之后均高于城市男生(χ^(2)值分别为13.90,17.09,P值均<0.05),女生肥胖增长率在2014年之后农村均高于城市(χ^(2)值分别为9.94,33.39,P值均<0.05)。不论是城市还是农村,经济发展片区由好到差时,超重和肥胖检出率由高到低(χ^(2)值分别为35.19,35.35,P值均<0.01)。结论 2000—2019年宁夏中小学生超重、肥胖检出率及体质量指数趋于持续性增长趋势,且农村超重和肥胖增长率逐渐超过城市。预防儿童青少年超重肥胖的具体措施应尽快制定,降低因儿童青少年超重肥胖所造成的社会经济负担。Objective To investigate the trend of overweight and obesity among Han students aged 7-18 in Ningxia from the year of 2000 to 2019, and to provide scientific basis for obesity prevention and control among children and adolescents. Methods Based on the five waves of "National Student Physical Fitness and Health Survey" in Ningxia region during 2000 to 2019, body weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and other data of Han students aged 7-18 years were included was used for trend analysis. Results In 2019, the detection rates of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents aged 7 to 18 in Ningxia were 13.34%(1 181/8 855) and 9.19%(814/8 855), respectively. The increase rate of overweight and obesity in boys from 2000 to 2019 was 11.68% and 10.07%(χ^(2)=27.60, P<0.01). The rate of overweight and obesity in female students from 2000 to 2019 was 6.95% and 5.77%(χ^(2)=33.82, P<0.01). Urban boys had the highest rates of overweight and obesity, which were 11.38% and 10.45%. The growth rate of overweight and obesity in rural boys was higher than that in urban boys after 2010(χ^(2)=13.90,17.09, P<0.05), and the growth rate of obesity in rural girls was higher than that in urban girls after 2014(χ^(2)=9.94, 33.39, P<0.05). Overweight and obesity prevalence showed positive associations with the economic status in both urban and rural areas(χ^(2)=35.19, 35.35, P<0.01). Conclusion From 2000 to 2019, the prevalence of overweight and obesity and body mass index among children and adolescents in Ningxia increased consistently, with more rigirous in rural areas. Specific strategies and measures for overweight and obesity prevention in children and adolescents are in urgent need, to reduce potential social and economic burden.

关 键 词：超重 肥胖症 人体质量指数 学生 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科] G478[医药卫生—临床医学]