中国市场监管法律实效评估问题研究——对“规避监管”行为的方法改良  

Mechanism Innovation of the Efficacy Evaluation of Market Regulation Law--From the View of Evasion of Regulation

作　　者：董淳锷 DONG Chun’e

机构地区：[1]中山大学法学院

出　　处：《经贸法律评论》2021年第6期92-111,共20页Business and Economic Law Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“经济法实施的激励机制研究”(项目批准号:16CFX057)。

摘　　要：基于“守法—违法”传统范式的引导,以往对市场监管法律实效的评估普遍忽视“监管规避行为”对法律实施的消极影响,由此可能导致评估结果出现偏差。实证分析表明,针对被某项市场监管法律制度规避行为的种类越多、规避行为被判定为合法有效的概率/比例越大、规避行为实施者被严格究责的可能性越低、规避行为的净收益越多、规避行为后果与立法目的偏离程度越高,则该项法律制度的实效必然越弱。简言之,普遍存在且成功实现目的的规避行为,是导致市场监管法律实效弱化的充分非必要条件。当针对某项市场监管法律制度的各种规避行为经过法律解释而普遍被判定为合法(有效),往往也就是该项法律制度缺乏实效而必须进行重大修改甚至将被废除的时候。Basing on the paradigm of“lawful or illegal”,the traditional evaluation mechanism of efficacy of law overlooks the influence of evasion of law,which dose not accord with reality and will result in mistake of evaluation.As positive analysis revolves,if there are more evasion of regulation and higher profit of evasion,or if the probability that the evasion to be judged lawful becomes higher,the probability that the actor of evasion to be held responsible becomes lower,and the result of evasion deviates further from legislative purpose,then the efficacy of law will be weaker.When all the evasion of law or regulation have been judged lawful,it is usually the time that the law or regulation should be amended or even be abolished.

关 键 词：市场监管 法律实效 法律效力 规避监管 

分 类 号：D922.291[政治法律—经济法学]