东山八尺门海域底泥悬浮物对黄鳍鲷稚幼鱼的致死效应  

Lethal effects of suspended sediment on juvenile and young Acanthopagrus latus in Bachimen waters of Dongshan

作　　者：游远新[1] YOU Yuanxin(Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013

出　　处：《渔业研究》2021年第6期571-577,共7页Journal of Fisheries Research

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研院所科技服务项目(20180400104).

摘　　要：模拟海域清淤、疏浚等施工过程所产生底泥悬浮物浓度的变化情况,探讨不同浓度底泥悬浮物对黄鳍鲷稚幼鱼的致死效应。结果表明:40 mg/L及以上底泥悬浮物浓度对黄鳍鲷稚鱼产生一定的影响,且随着底泥悬浮物浓度的升高和暴露时间的延长,底泥悬浮物对黄鳍鲷稚鱼致死效应明显增强;诏安湾侧底泥悬浮物对黄鳍鲷稚鱼的96 h半致死浓度为8111.30 mg/L,东山湾侧底泥悬浮物对稚鱼的96 h半致死浓度为21849.52 mg/L。底泥悬浮物长时间胁迫会造成悬浮物颗粒黏附幼鱼体表和鳃丝,造成幼鱼呼吸困难和生长缓慢,具有很强的慢性致死作用,在160 mg/L悬浮物浓度下胁迫30 d,黄鳍鲷幼鱼累积死亡率可达40.0%~42.5%。本研究表明,底泥悬浮物的大量产生对黄鳍鲷具有明显的致死效应,该研究可为海域清淤过程中悬浮物扩散对水产养殖影响评价提供分析依据。Based on simulation experiments on changes in suspended sediment concentrations caused by de-silting,dredging and other maritime projects,this paper discusses levels of toxic effects of suspended sediment on Acanthopagrus latus.The results showed that certain effects are observed on juvenile A.latus when suspended sediment concentrations were higher than 40 mg/L,and lethal effects on juvenile A.latus increased notably as concentrations of suspended sediment grew higher and exposure to the sediment extended;on the Zhao'an side of Bachimen waters,the 96-hour LC_(50) on juvenile A.latus reached 8111.30 mg/L,and on the Dongshan side of Bachimen waters,the 96-h LC_(50) on juvenile A.latus reached 21849.52 mg/L.Prolonged exposure of suspended sediment could result in the adhesion of suspended particles on the body surface and gill filaments of young A.latus,causing shortness of breath and slowing growth in them.This might lead to chronic lethal effects as the cumulative fatality rate of young A.latus could reach 40.0%~42.5%after 30 days exposure to suspended sediment at a concentration of 160 mg/L.The present study showed that massive suspended sediment could have obvious lethal effects on A.latus.It could provide analytical basis for the effects on aquaculture from suspended sediment diffusion in maritime dredging projects.

关 键 词：底泥悬浮物 黄鳍鲷 稚鱼 幼鱼 致死效应 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖]