奶犊牛关节炎病例病原学诊断与治疗  

Etiological diagnosis and treatment of arthritis in dairy calves

作　　者：陶立[1,2] 吴翠兰 李常挺 庞观龙 彭昊[1,2] 兰美益[1,2] 马春霞 韦志锋[1,2] 李军 TAO Li;WU Cuilan;LI Changting;PANG Guanlong;PENG Hao;LAN Meiyi;MA Chunxia;WEI Zhifeng;LI Jun(Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute,Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology,Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Agricultural Vocational College,Nanning 530007,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区兽医研究所,南宁530001 [2]广西兽医生物技术重点实验室,南宁530001 [3]广西农业职业技术学院,南宁530007

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2021年第22期69-72,共4页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：广西科技重大专项(桂科AA17204057);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB16380106,AB18221074);国家现代农业产业体系广西肉牛肉羊产业创新团队建设项目(nycytxgxcxtd-09-05)。

摘　　要：广西某奶牛养殖场现有犊牛26头,7头犊牛出生3 d后出现前肢膝关节肿胀、悬蹄,发病率为26.9%。为了解奶犊牛关节炎的致病原因,试验无菌采集犊牛肿胀未破溃的关节液(病料A)和犊牛肿胀已破溃的关节液(病料B),通过病原分离纯化、生化试验、致病性试验、16S rDNA基因PCR扩增后并测序鉴定的方法确定病原种类,再根据药敏试验筛选敏感药物进行临床治疗。结果表明:从A、B两份不同的病料中均分离到1株支原体,接种7日龄鸡胚均可引起胚体不同程度出血和萎缩等,经PCR扩增后并测序鉴定为同一种产碱支原体,命名为Ma-GXLA150127GJ1。从B病料中还分离到1株可使小鼠致死的病原菌,经鉴定为黏质沙雷氏菌。该2株分离株均对链霉素高度敏感,对罗红霉素、红霉素、林可霉素等耐药。通过使用高敏药物链霉素治疗,病牛全部痊愈。说明引起本次奶犊牛关节炎的原发病原为产碱支原体,黏质沙雷氏菌是关节破溃继发感染的病原。A dairy farm in Guangxi had 26 calves,and 7 calves developed swelling of the knee joints of the forelimbs and hanging hoofs 3 days after birth.The incidence rate was 26.9%.In order to understand the causes of arthritis in dairy calves,the swollen and unbroken joint fluid(pathological material A)and the swollen and broken joint fluid(pathological material B)of calves were collected,and through pathogen isolation and purification,biochemical tests,pathogenicity tests,16 S rDNA gene PCR amplification and sequencing identification methods were used.Drug sensitivity test screened sensitive drugs for clinical treatment.The results showed that one strain of Mycoplasma was isolated from two different pathological materials of A and B.Inoculation of 7-day-old chicken embryos could cause different degrees of hemorrhage and atrophy of embryos.After PCR amplification,the sequencing identified the same Mycoplasma alkalescens,named Ma-GXLA150127 GJ1.A pathogenic bacterium that could kill mice was also isolated from pathological material of B,and it was identified as Serratia marcescens.The two isolates were all highly sensitive to streptomycin,and resistant to roxithromycin,erythromycin,lincomycin and so on.By using the highly sensitive drug streptomycin,all the sick cows were cured.The results suggested that the primary cause of arthritis in dairy calves was Mycoplasma alkalescens,and Serratia marcescens was the pathogen of secondary infection caused by joint rupture.

关 键 词：奶犊牛 关节炎 产碱支原体 黏质沙雷氏菌 原发感染 继发感染 

分 类 号：S854.4[农业科学—临床兽医学]