塔里木盆地顺北5号走滑断层空间结构及其油气关系  

Spatial structure of Shunbei No.5 strike-slip fault and its relationship with oil and gas reservoirs in the Tarim Basin

作　　者：林波[1,2] 云露[1] 李海英[1] 肖重阳[1] 张旭 廖茂辉[1] 韩俊 王鹏[1] 徐学纯[2] Lin Bo;Yun Lu;Li Haiying;Xiao Chongyang;Zhang Xu;Liao Maohui;Han Jun;Wang Peng;Xu Xuechun(Northuest Oil Field Company,SINOPEC,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China;College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun,Jilin 130061,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化西北油田分公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]吉林大学地球科学学院,吉林长春130061

出　　处：《石油与天然气地质》2021年第6期1344-1353,1400,共11页Oil & Gas Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金企业创新发展联合基金项目(U21B2063);中国石化科技部项目(P21033-1,P21071);博士后科学基金面上项目(2018M6331865)。

摘　　要：塔里木盆地小尺度走滑断层在空间上具有"位移小、延伸长、平面分段、纵向分层"的复杂地质结构,其纵向空间结构的变化对流体成矿富集具有重要的控制作用。近年来,顺北油田的断控缝洞型油气藏勘探表明,走滑断层带在油气成藏过程中具有"控储、控藏、控富"的特点,但走滑断层在油气成藏过程中控制作用尚不清楚。选取顺北5号断层中、北段为研究对象,基于实钻井、钻录井等实物资料和井动态产能资料,利用高精度三维地震断层解析和立体评价技术,首次从油气成藏体系中的通源性、输导性、成储性、封闭性、储改性以及成藏性等方面对走滑断层进行垂向立体评价。研究成果表明,走滑断层在不同的构造层具有"垂向分层变形、平面分段演化"的特征,不同的构造层中构造响应特征差异明显,由下向上表现为直立走滑、膏盐岩滑脱构造、花状构造、右行雁列正断层、左行雁列正断层、继承性左行雁列正断层的垂向结构序列;走滑断层在不同构造层中的结构样式决定了走滑断层对油气成藏不同要素的控制作用,断层的垂向立体评价有利于查明油气成藏富集过程,优选油气富集目标,为今后的油气勘探开发提供理论指导。Small-scale strike-slip faults developed in the Tarim Basin are spatially characterized by“small displacement,long extension,plane segmentation and longitudinal stratification”. These geological characteristics,especially the longitudinal stratification,are believed to play an important role in hydrocarbon accumulation. Exploration activities in the Shunbei Oilfield in recent years have come across many fault-karst reservoirs and confirmed the impact of these faults on the pooling of oil and gas. However,how exactly the faults control the process of oil and gas accumulation is not fully clarified. The middle-north section of Shunbei No. 5 fault is selected to carry out a three dimensional assessment of the faults in terms of their role in connecting sources and accumulations as well as controlling,capping and improving reservoirs by using high-precision three-dimensional seismic fault analysis and three-dimensional evaluation technology based on available data of drilling,logging and well performance. The results show that the faults have the characteristics of“vertical layered deformation and plane piecewise evolution”in different structural layers. Their structural responses are also very different,revealing a vertical structural sequence from bottom up of vertical slipping,gypsum-salt detachment structure,flower structure,right-lateral echelon normal fault,left-lateral echelon normal fault and inherited left-lateral echelon normal fault. The structural styles of the faults in different structural layers exert different effect on oil and gas accumulations. This study provides a basis for better understanding the process of oil and gas accumulation and wiser selections of exploration targets,thus can be used as a guiding reference for oil and gas exploration and development in the future.

关 键 词：油气成藏体系 断控缝洞型储集体 走滑断层 顺北油田 塔里木盆地 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]