武汉市地铁集中空调通风系统空气污染特征  

Air pollution characteristics of central air conditioning ventilation system in Wuhan Metro

作　　者：石斌[1] 陈智[1] 胡迅[1] 肖永华[1] SHI Bin;CHEN Zhi;HU Xun;XIAO Yong-hua(Institute of Environmental Health and Food Safety,Wuhan Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Wuhan Hubei,430024,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市疾病预防控制中心环境健康与食品安全所,湖北武汉430024

出　　处：《职业与健康》2021年第21期2979-2982,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：湖北省卫健委预防专项重大项目(WJ2019H303);武汉市卫生计生委科研计划资助项目(WG19C03)。

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市地铁集中空调通风系统空气污染变化趋势特征。方法 2019年9月,随机抽取武汉市不同运行年限的地铁站,对其集中空调通风系统新风、回风、送风进行检测。结果工程段间结果比较显示,不同工程段间新风、回风可吸入颗粒物(inhalable particles,PM10)浓度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),污染浓度水平均以初期运行的工程段最高,新风PM10为0.130 mg/m;回风PM10为0.170 mg/m;不同工程段间送风细菌总数浓度差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01),污染浓度水平以运行最长的工程段最高,送风细菌总数为173 CFU/m;不同工程段间回风真菌总数浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),污染浓度水平以初期运行的工程段最高,回风真菌总数为2 478 CFU/m;不同工程段间送风真菌总数浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),污染浓度水平以运行最长的工程段最高,送风真菌总数为360 CFU/m;不同工程段间其他指标均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。部位(新风、回风、送风)间结果比较显示除运行最长的工程段部位间(新风、回风、送风)的真菌总数浓度差异无统计学意义外(P>0.05),其余部位间的指标浓度差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论武汉市地铁集中空调通风系统运行初期风源中颗粒物及真菌污染相对严重,随着时间推移,此类污染物浓度呈下降趋势;安装空气净化消毒装置的集中空调通风系统能有效改善送风质量,但其性能随时间推移,有下降趋势。Objective To understand the air pollution trend characteristics of central air conditioning ventilation system in Wuhan Metro. Methods In September 2019,subway stations with different operating years in Wuhan City were randomly selected to test the fresh air,return air and supply air of the central air conditioning ventilation system. Results The results of comparison among different engineering sections showed that there were statistically significant differences in PM10 concentration of fresh air and return air among different engineering sections(all P<0.01),the pollution concentration level was the highest in the initial stage of operation,and PM10 concentration of fresh air and return air was 0.130 and 0.170 mg/m;respectively. There was statistically significant difference in the concentration of total bacteria in supply air among different engineering sections(P<0.01),the pollution concentration level was the highest in the longest stage of operation,and the total bacteria of supply air was 173 CFU/m;. There was statistically significant difference in the concentration of total fungi in return air among different engineering sections(P<0.05),the pollution concentration level was the highest in the initial stage of operation,and the total fungi of return air was 2 478 CFU/m;.There was statistically significant difference in the concentration of total fungi in supply air among different engineering sections(P <0.05),the pollution concentration level was the highest in the longest stage of operation,and the total fungi of supply air was 360 CFU/m;. The differences in other indexes were not statistically significant among different engineering sections(all P>0.05).Comparison of results among parts(fresh air,return air,supply air) showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the total fungi among the parts of the longest running engineering section(fresh air,return air and supply air)( P >0. 05), but the differences in the index concentration among the other parts were statistically signifi

关 键 词：地铁 新风 回风 送风 污染特征 

分 类 号：R126.4[医药卫生—环境卫生学]