大菱鲆对饲料精氨酸的需求量及饲料精氨酸水平对大菱鲆生长和代谢的影响  

Dietary arginine requirement and effects of dietary arginine levels on the metabolism of Scophthalmus maximus

作　　者：付丰顺 刘成栋 王旋[1,2] 周慧慧 麦康森[1,2,3] 何艮[1,2,3] FU Fengshun;LIU Chengdong;WANG Xuan;ZHOU Huihui;MAI Kangsen;HE Gen(Key Laboratory of Mariculture,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266235,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [2]中国海洋大学,农业农村部水产动物营养与饲料重点实验室,山东青岛266003 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,山东青岛266235

出　　处：《水产学报》2021年第10期1692-1702,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0900400);国家自然科学基金(31772860)。

摘　　要：为研究大菱鲆最适饲料精氨酸需求量及饲料精氨酸水平对大菱鲆生长和代谢的影响,选取初始体质量为(43.07±0.10)g的大菱鲆为对象,使用酪蛋白和明胶作为蛋白质来源,鱼油和大豆卵磷脂作为脂质来源,配制5组等氮等脂(51%粗蛋白和12.5%粗脂肪)的精制饲料,通过添加晶体氨基酸混合物,使得饲料中精氨酸含量分别为干物质的1.92%、2.65%、3.40%、4.17%和4.88%(对应饲料号为1、2、3、4、5),以喂食1.92%精氨酸水平饲料的处理组作为对照组,每个处理3个重复,每个重复12尾鱼,养殖周期为10周。结果显示,与对照组相比,3.40%~4.88%饲料精氨酸水平(占饲料蛋白质6.66%~9.52%)显著改善了大菱鲆的生长性能和饲料利用率。基于特定生长率(SGR)的折线回归分析,大菱鲆的最适饲料精氨酸需求量为饲料干物质的3.17%,饲料蛋白质的6.21%。适宜的饲料精氨酸水平显著提高了鱼体蛋白含量和血浆总蛋白水平,同时显著降低了血浆葡萄糖水平。此外,适宜的饲料精氨酸水平显著提高了肝脏脂肪酸合成、脂肪酸β-氧化、糖酵解、三羧酸循环和氧化磷酸化相关基因的表达,而显著降低了肝脏氨基酸降解相关基因的表达。研究表明,3.40%~4.88%饲料精氨酸水平(占饲料蛋白质6.66%~9.52%)可以调节大菱鲆的营养代谢,并促进大菱鲆的生长。The purpose of this study was to investigate the arginine requirement and effects of dietary arginine levels on the growth and metabolism of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus).Turbots with an initial body weight of(43.07±0.10)g were selected as the research object.Five isonitrogenous and isolipid diets(51%crude protein and12.5%crude lipid)were formulated with casein and gelatin as the main protein sources and fish oil and soybean lecithin as the lipid sources.The arginine contents of the diets were 1.92%,2.65%,3.40%,4.17%and 4.88%of dry matter by adding crystalline amino acid mixture,respectively.(The corresponding diet number was 1,2,3,4 and 5,respectively).The group fed 1.92%arginine level diet served as control group.Each treatment was set to 3 replicates,each containing 12 fish,and the breeding period was 10 weeks.The results showed that 3.40%to 4.88%arginine(6.66%to 9.52%of dietary protein)significantly improved the growth performance and feed utilization of turbot compared with the control group.According to the broken line regression analysis based on specific growth rate(SGR),the optimal dietary arginine requirement of turbot was estimated to be 3.17%of dry matter(6.21%of dietary protein).Appropriate dietary arginine levels significantly increased body protein content and plasma total protein level,while significantly decreased plasma glucose level.In addition,appropriate dietary arginine levels significantly enhanced the expression of genes related to fatty acid synthesis,fatty acidβ-oxidation,glycolysis,tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle and oxidative phosphorylation,while significantly decreased the expression of genes associated with amino acid degradation in liver.The results demonstrated that 3.40%to 4.88%arginine(6.66%to9.52%of dietary protein)can regulate the nutrient metabolism and promote the growth of turbot.

关 键 词：大菱鲆 精氨酸需求量 生长 代谢 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]