孕前体质指数和孕期增重与子痫前期及其临床亚型的关系  

Relationship between the pre-pregnancy BMI,gestational weight gain,and risk of preeclampsia and its subtypes

作　　者：任庆文 杨飞飞 韩天碧 郭孟竹 赵楠[2] 冯永亮 杨海澜[3] 王素萍 张亚玮 邬惟为 Ren Qingwen;Yang Feifei;Han Tianbi;Guo Mengzhu;Zhao Nan;Feng Yongliang;Yang Hailan;Wang Suping;Zhang Yawei;Wu Weiwei(Department of Epidemiology,School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine,Taiyuan 030001,China;Medical Science Research Center,Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan 030001,China;National Cancer Center/National Cancer Research Center/Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,临床流行病学与循证医学中心,太原030001 [2]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院医学科学研究中心,北京100730 [3]山西医科大学第一医院妇产科,太原030001 [4]国家癌症中心/国家肿瘤临床医学研究中心/中国医学科学院北京协和医学院肿瘤医院,北京100021

出　　处：《中华流行病学杂志》2021年第11期2037-2043,共7页Chinese Journal of Epidemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81703314,81803323);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0439)。

摘　　要：目的探讨孕前BMI和孕期增重与子痫前期(PE)及其临床亚型的发生风险的关系。方法选取2012年3月至2016年9月在山西医科大学第一医院妇产科分娩的孕妇,根据纳入排除标准,共纳入9274例孕妇,901例PE孕妇作为病例组,8373例非PE孕妇作为对照组。收集一般人口学特征、孕前身高和体重、孕期生活方式、生育史和疾病史等资料,计算孕前BMI及孕期增重。采用非条件logistic回归分析孕前BMI和孕期增重与PE及其临床亚型的关系。结果PE中早发型PE(EOPE)401例、晚发型PE(LOPE)500例,轻度PE(MPE)178例、重度PE(SPE)723例。PE孕妇和非PE孕妇在年龄、居住地、产次、妊娠期糖尿病及高血压家族史等方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。调整以上因素后,logistic回归分析结果显示,孕前BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2)和孕期增重不足是PE的保护因素(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.56~0.98;OR=0.78,95%CI:0.62~0.99),孕前BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2)和孕期增重过多是PE的危险因素(OR=1.82,95%CI:1.54~2.14;OR=1.82,95%CI:1.54~2.15)。对PE临床亚型分析后结果显示,孕前BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2)是EOPE和MPE的保护因素(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.32~0.83;OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23~0.97),孕前BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2)和孕期增重过多是PE临床亚型的危险因素。按孕前BMI分层后,孕前18.5 kg/m^(2)≤BMI<24.0 kg/m^(2)和孕前BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2)的孕妇中孕期增重过多(OR=1.86,95%CI:1.51~2.30;OR=1.90,95%CI:1.39~2.60)均是PE的危险因素;孕前BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2)的孕妇中孕期增重不足(OR=0.55,95%CI:0.34~0.89)是PE的保护因素。孕前BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2)的孕妇中孕期增重过多(OR=4.05,95%CI:1.20~13.69)是EOPE的危险因素;孕前18.5 kg/m^(2)≤BMI<24.0 kg/m^(2)的孕妇中孕期增重过多是PE各临床亚型的危险因素;孕前BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2)的孕妇中孕期增重不足是EOPE和MPE的保护因素(OR=0.39,95%CI:0.19~0.80;OR=0.29,95%CI:0.11~0.77),孕期增重过多是EOPE、LOPE和SPE的危险因素(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.06~2.42;OR=2.20,95%CI:1.44~3.37;OR=2.28,95%CI:1.58Objective To explore the effects of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)and gestational weight gain and its subtypes on the risk of preeclampsia.Methods Pregnant women delivered in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from March 2012 to September 2016 were selected as the research subjects.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,9274 pregnant women were included.901 preeclampsia pregnant women were selected as the case group,and 8373 non-preeclampsia pregnant women were selected as the control group.General demographic characteristics,pre-pregnancy weight,height,lifestyle during pregnancy,reproductive history,and disease history of pregnant women were collected,and pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were calculated.Unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI and weight gain during pregnancy and PE and its clinical subtypes.Results Among the 901 preeclampsia after inclusion and exclusion,401 cases were diagnosed as early-onset PE(EOPE),500 cases were late-onset PE(LOPE),178 cases were Mild PE(MPE),and 723 cases were severe PE(SPE).There were statistically significant differences between PE and non-PE pregnant women in terms of maternal age,residence,parity,family history of gestational diabetes and hypertension(P<0.05).After adjusting for the above factors,the logistic regression analysis results showed that pre-pregnancy BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2) and inadequate gestational weight gain were protective factors for PE(OR=0.74,95%CI:0.56-0.98;OR=0.78,95%CI:0.62-0.99),while pre-pregnancy BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2) and excessive gestational weight gain were risk factors for PE(OR=1.82,95%CI:1.54-2.14;OR=1.82,95%CI:1.54-2.15).After subtype analysis on PE,the results showed that pre-pregnancy BMI<18.5 kg/m^(2) was a protective factor for EOPE and MPE(OR=0.52,95%CI:0.32-0.83;OR=0.47,95%CI:0.23-0.97),while pre-pregnancy BMI≥24.0 kg/m^(2) and excessive gestational weight gain were risk fac

关 键 词：孕前体质指数 孕期增重 子痫前期 

分 类 号：R714.244[医药卫生—妇产科学]