环境善治与政策合法性的建构——基于北京市“煤改气(电)”工程的案例研究  

Good Environmental Governance and Policy Legitimacy Construction: Case Study of Beijing’s Coal-to-Gas (Electricity) Project

作　　者：冉冉[1] Ran Ran(School of International Studies,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国际关系学院政治学系

出　　处：《经济社会体制比较》2021年第6期165-172,共8页Comparative Economic & Social Systems

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“地方立法中的公民参与机制研究”(项目号:16BZZ023)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：现有环境政策与治理的研究多集中在失败而非成功的政策案例,将政策失败视为一种政策执行中的有效性问题,但这种研究思路忽视了环境政策与治理中的政策合法性维度。文章尝试通过政策合法性的视角来解释一项环境政策为什么能成功。通过分析雾霾治理中的"煤改气(电)"工程在北京的成功经验发现:该政策成功的原因在于其不但具备很强的有效性,而且还通过"同呼吸,共命运"和"展示首都形象"的"北京蓝"话语获取了多元化的政策合法性。"北京蓝"的话语强调蓝天是来自北京本地老百姓的需求,而非上级政府的任务。政策过程的利益相关者倾向于将权益受损等不公正遭遇视为一种获得"蓝天"的必要代价,起到了争取政策倡议支持的情感动员作用。环境善治的北京样本对于理解河北等地"煤改气(电)"政策遇到的困境具有一定的理论和现实意义。Existing research on environmental policy and governance mostly focuses on policy failure rather than policy success. This article explains why an environmental policy can be successful from the perspective of policy legitimacy. By analyzing the successful experience of the Coal-to-Gas(Electricity) Project project as an effective air pollution control policy in Beijing, this article found that the success of the "CGE" policy is not only built on its strong effectiveness, but also comes from the policy legitimacy construction. Through the initiative of breathing the same breath and sharing the same future and the "Beijing Blue" discourse of "showing the image of the capital, " the policy has gained multiple policy legitimacy support. The discourse of "Beijing Blue" emphasizes that blue skies are the demand of the local people in Beijing, not the task of the central government. Stakeholders in the policy process tend to regard some injustices and the negative impacts to their rights as a necessary price for gaining "blue skies, " which has played a certain role in emotional mobilization for the support of policy initiatives. The Beijing sample of good environmental governance might have potential theoretical and practical contributions for understanding the difficulties encountered by the "coal-to-gas(electricity)" policy in Hebei and other places.

关 键 词：政策合法性 环境善治 “煤改气(电)”工程 

分 类 号：D6[政治法律—政治学]