松花江干流鲢种群数量变化和鲢资源合理利用  

Population Variation and Resources Rational Utilization of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in the Trunk Stream of the Songhua River

作　　者：鲁万桥 李培伦[1,2] 唐富江 尹增强[3] 王继隆 LU Wanqiao;LI Peilun;TANG Fujiang;YIN Zengqiang;WANG Jilong(Heilongjiang Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,Heilongjiang,P.R.China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Fishery Resources and Environment in Heilongjiang River Basin,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Harbin 150070,Heilongjiang,P.R.China;College of Marine Science and Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [2]农业农村部黑龙江流域渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,黑龙江哈尔滨150070 [3]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《湿地科学》2021年第5期551-557,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：农业农村部财政专项物种资源保护类项目(2130135);农业农村部财政东北地区水域资源与环境专项调查项目;中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(2020TD07)资助。

摘　　要：根据2016~2019年获取的松花江干流的肇源段、新甸段、汤原段、桦川段、富锦段和同江段鲢的生物学资料,采用Von Bertalanffy生长方程(Von Bertalanffy growth function,VBGF)、体长股分析法(electronic length frequency analysis-I,ELEFAN-I)、Beverton-Holt(B-H)动态综合模型和生物量估算方法(length-based Bayesian biomass estimator,LBB),估算了松花江干流鲢种群的特征参数和资源量,旨在掌握松花江干流鲢种群数量变化规律和资源现状,为松花江干流鲢资源的科学管理提供依据。研究结果表明,松花江干流鲢种群的体质量生长拐点年龄为4.224 a,临界年龄为3.538 a,总瞬时死亡率为1.12,开发率为60.27%,存活率为32.63%;种群的资源生物量约为2.36×10^(4) t,数量约977×10^(4)尾。松花江干流鲢种群资源量大幅度减少,鲢种群资源被过度开发;未来应该控制松花江干流鲢的捕捞强度,鲢个体的捕捞规格应该限定在542.98 mm以上。Based on the biological data of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in the trunk stream of the Songhua River from 2016 to 2019,using Von Bertalanffy growth function equation,electronic length frequency analysis-I,Beverton-Holt dynamic comprehensive model and length-based Bayesian biomass estimator,the number,characteristic parameters and resources of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix population in the trunk stream of the Songhua River was estimated.The purpose of this study was to clarify the population changes and resource status of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix in the trunk stream of the Songhua River,and to provide a basis for the scientific management of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix resources.The results showed that the age of inflection of the body mass growth of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix resources in the trunk stream of the Songhua River was 4.224 years,the critical age was 3.538 years,the total instantaneous mortality rate was 1.12,the development rate of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix population was 60.27%,the survival rate was 32.63%,the resource biomass of the population was about 23600 tons,and the number of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix population was about 9.77 million.At present,the resources of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix population in the trunk stream of the Songhua River have been greatly reduced compared with the past,and the population resources have been over-exploited.In the future,the fishing intensity should be controlled,and the fishing specification should be more than 542.98 mm.

关 键 词：鲢 种群变化 资源量 合理利用 松花江 

分 类 号：Q959.468[生物学—动物学]