永定河洪泛区湿地优化布局研究  

Optimal Layout of Wetlands in Yongding River Floodplain

作　　者：解煜翔 张俊龙 曾雪婷[2] 刘瑞珍 薛勇 孙浩 XIE Yuxiang;ZHANG Junlong;ZENG Xueting;LIU Ruizhen;XUE Yong;SUN Hao(School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,P.R.China;School of Labor Economics,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,P.R.China;Yantai Forest Resources Monitoring and Protection Service Center,Yantai 264001,Shandong,P.R.China;School of International Economics and Trade,University of international business and Economics,Beijing 100020,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266071 [2]首都经贸大学劳动经济学院,北京100070 [3]烟台市森林资源监测保护服务中心,山东烟台264001 [4]对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院,北京100020

出　　处：《湿地科学》2021年第5期629-635,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51809145);水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目(2018ZX07105002)资助。

摘　　要：采用区间机会约束规划方法,在不确定性条件下,构建了永定河洪泛区中湿地的优化布局模型,综合考虑湿地生态需水量和湿地生态服务价值,确定了多种供水保证率和调水情景下洪泛区中湿地最优布局方案。研究结果表明,在供水保证率确定的条件下,随着年调水量的增加,洪泛区湿地的总面积也在增加,例如,当供水保证率为90%时,洪泛区湿地的总面积由无调水情景下的1397~1627 hm^(2)增加到年调水量为2000×10^(4)m^(3)情景下的1732~2010 hm^(2),增幅达到20%以上;在年调水量确定的条件下,洪泛区供水保证率越大,各种类型湿地的面积越大,当供水保证率由99%减小到90%时,湿地总面积减少了22%;湿地优化布局结果显示,农耕土地转变为湿地的面积远大于居住用地转变为湿地的面积,而且人工湿地(库塘和水渠)面积大于天然湿地(永久性河流湿地、季节性河流湿地和洪泛湿地)面积;在相同的供水保证率下,随着年调水量的增大,永定河洪泛区的系统效益也在增大;在相同年调水量下,供水保证率越大,研究区的系统效益越大;在永定河泛区东部区域,当年调水量为2000×10^(4) m^(3)时,永久性河流面积增加了13.7 hm^(2),季节性河流和洪泛湿地的面积增加了4.9 hm^(2);水库和池塘面积增加了12.3 hm^(2)。Based on interval chance-constrained programming,an optimized layout model for the pattern of the wetlands in Yongding River floodplain was established under uncertainty.The optimal layout scheme under multiple rates of guaranteed water supplying for the floodplain and diverted water scenarios was determined considering ecological water demand and ecological serviceof the wetlands.The results showed that when the rates of guaranteed water supplying was constant,the total area of the wetlands would increase with the raised diverted water quantity.For example,total area of the wetlands would increase 1397-1627 ha(no diverted water per year)to 1732-2010 ha(water transfer amount was 2000×10;m^(2)per year);and when the diverted water quantity was constant,total area of the wetlands would increase as the rate of guaranteed water supplying was raised.For example,when the rate was reduced from 99%to 90%,the total area of wetland would reduce by 22%.The area converted from arable land to wetland was much larger than that from residential land to wetland;moreover,the area of constructed wetlands(reservoir,pond,and canal)was larger than that of natural wetlands(permanent river,seasonal river and floodplain);under the same rate of guaranteed water supplying,the system benefit of the floodplain would increase with the raised diverted water quantity;under the same diverted water quantity,the system benefit would increase as rate of guaranteed water supplying was increased.Taking the eastern part of the floodplain as an example,the area of permanent river would increase by 13.7 hm^(2)when the water transfer amount was 2000×10;m^(2);the area of seasonal rive and floodplain would increase by 4.9 hm^(2);the area of reservoir and pond would increase by 12.3 hm^(2).

关 键 词：湿地 优化布局 系统 区间机会约束 永定河洪泛区 

分 类 号：TV213.9[水利工程—水文学及水资源]