ANAMMOX-UASB反应器启动过程中的生物特性  

Biological characteristics of ANAMMOX-UASB reactor during startup process

作　　者：季军远[1,2] 林久淑 朱晓桐 张倩 樊玉清[1,2] JI Junyuan;LIN Jiushu;ZHU Xiaotong;ZHANG Qian;FAN Yuqing(Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology of Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266000,China;Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Geology Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266000,China;Nanjing Wondux Environmental Protection Technology Co.Ltd.,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学,海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,青岛266000 [2]中国海洋大学,山东省海洋环境地质工程重点实验室,青岛266000 [3]南京万德斯环保科技股份有限公司,南京211100

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2021年第10期3358-3367,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51978636);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51408570);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(201964005)。

摘　　要：以絮状厌氧消化污泥为接种污泥,经过250 d运行后成功启动了ANAMMOX-UASB反应器。结果表明:在启动过程中,絮体污泥逐渐颗粒化并以不规则状的红色颗粒污泥和褐色絮状污泥为主;脱氢酶活性由启动前的3 909.51μg·(h·g)^(-1)最终降至72.13μg·(h·g)^(-1);EPS含量在启动过程中先降后升,EPS组成中主要为TBEPS,占比由54.4%升至75.7%;启动过程中LB-EPS和TB-EPS中均以PN为主,且PN占比逐步增大,分别由初始的88.7%和89.5%增至99.6%和94.7%;启动过程中EPS的结构与组成均发生变化。ANAMMOX-UASB启动过程中微生物Chao1、ACE、Shannon和Simpson指数均先升后降,启动成功后微生物多样性和丰富度均降低。污泥中微生物的优势菌门为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)。浮霉菌门中Candidatus Anammoximicrobium丰度逐渐降低直至消失,而Candidatus Brocadia丰度最终增至12.15%。The ANAMMOX-UASB reactor inoculated with flocculent anaerobic digestion sludge was successfully started up after 250 days operation. During the full startup process, floc sludge was gradually granulated, and mainly consists of irregular red granular sludge and brown flocculent sludge. The activity of dehydrogenase decreased from 3 909.51 μg·(h·g)^(-1)to 72.13 μg·(h·g)^(-1)during the entire startup process.Furthermore, the EPS content declined initially and then increased, and TB-EPS proportion increased from 54.4% to 75.7%, which was the main constituent of EPS. Meanwhile, PN was also the main component in both LB-EPS and TB-EPS, and the proportion of PN increased gradually from 88.7% and 89.5% to 99.6% and 94.7%, respectively. During the startup of ANAMMOX-UASB, both the composition and structure of EPS changed, the indexes of Chao1, ACE, Shannon and Simpson increased firstly and then declined, and the microbial diversity and richness decreased after successful startup. The dominant phyla of microorganisms were Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes. The abundance of Candidatus anammoximicrobium decreased gradually and vanished eventually, while the abundance of Candidatus brocadia increased ultimately to 12.15%.

关 键 词：厌氧氨氧化 UASB 脱氢酶 胞外聚合物 微生物群落 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]