滇黄精根状茎腐烂病致病新种的分离鉴定  

A novel pathogenic Colletotrichum species for rhizome rot disease of Polygonatum kingianum

作　　者：马维思[1] 郭兰萍[2] 王馨[1] 王铁霖[2] 严世武[1] 金航[1] 张智慧 杨斌[1] MA Wei-si;GUO Lan-ping;WANG Xin;WANG Tie-lin;YAN Shi-wu;JIN Hang;ZHANG Zhi-hui;YANG Bin(Medicinal Plants Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,Beijing 100700,China;Yunnan Kunming Blood Center,Kunming 650106,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院药用植物研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]中国中医科学院中药资源中心道地药材国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100700 [3]云南昆明血液中心,云南昆明650106

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2021年第21期5606-5613,共8页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：中央本级重大增减支项目(2060302);云南省产业技术领军人才专项(YNWR-CYJS-2017-043);云南省科技创新人才计划项目(2017HB088);云南省绿色食品牌打造科技支撑行动(药用植物)专项。

摘　　要：根状茎腐烂病是云南栽培滇黄精的主要病害之一,该研究采用组织分离法,从云南5个州市6个县采集到的滇黄精根状茎腐烂病株上均分离到同一种真菌,依据科赫法则,取其分生孢子有伤、无伤接种到健康滇黄精根状茎上均能致病,明确其为致病菌。该菌在PDA培养基上能产生刚毛,分生孢子产量大,分生孢子堆橘色,分生孢子新月形,无隔,中部具1油球,孢子平均长×平均宽为19.3~24.9μm×5.2~5.9μm,长/宽为3.4~4.5,基于ITS、GAPDH、CHS-1、HIS3、ACT、TUB2多基因联合构建的系统发育树,明确其归属刺盘孢属Colletotrichum白蜡树复合种(spaethianum species complex),与其中白蜡树刺盘孢C. spaethianum亲缘关系最近,但独立分支,鉴定滇黄精根状茎腐烂病原菌为刺盘孢属1新种,根据其寄主命名为滇黄精刺盘孢C. kingianum。种苗带病是该病异地传播的主要途径,选择健康种苗、移栽前进行种苗消毒是预防该病发生的有效措施。Rhizome rot disease is one of the main disease of planted Polygonatum kingianum. In this study, six strains of pathogenic fungus was isolated from P. kingianum samples with rhizome rot disease collected from six counties in Yunnan province. Its pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculation to healthy P. kingianum rhizome according to Koch′s postulates. The colonies of the isolated fungi on potato dextrose agar(PDA) were orange with abundant crescentic conidia which were eseptate with a mean size of 19. 3-24. 9 μm×5. 2-5. 9 μm and a L/W ratio of 3. 4-4. 5. There was an oil ball in the center of the conidium. It′s easy to see setae on PDA colony.The phylogenetic tree based on ITS, GAPDH, CHS-1, HIS3, ACT, and TUB2 sequences by maximum likelihood(ML) method indicated that the pathogenic fungus for P. kingianum rhizome rot disease was clustered into the clade of Colletotrichum spaethianum species complex, and was close to C. spaethianum. However, there were some differences in morphological and genetic characteristics between the pathogenic fungus and C. spaethianum. Therefore, the pathogenic fungus for rhizome rot disease of P. kingianum was identified as a new Colletotrichum species named C. kingianum. The disease spreads primarily due to the plantation of infected seedlings of P. kingianum. It is necessary to choose healthy seedlings and take rigorous disinfection measures for the disease prevention.

关 键 词：滇黄精 根状茎腐烂病 多基因系统发育 滇黄精刺盘孢 

分 类 号：S435.672[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]