论新领域新业态背景下知识产权保护对象的理性扩张——基于知识社会理论的反思  

On the Rational Expansion of the Object of Intellectual Property Protection under the Background of New Fields and New Business Models——Based on the Reflection of the Theory of Learning Society

作　　者：祝雅柠 ZHU YA-ning(Dalian Maritime University)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第6期87-96,共10页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(3132021291);大连市社会科学院(研究中心)立项课题“大连市知识产权融资法律机制研究”(2021dlsk017)。

摘　　要：传统产业政策理论下,知识产权"私权"制度的设计旨在通过确保经济价值的实现,激励市场主体从事创新活动,推动相关产业发展,从而提升社会整体福利。面对人工智能、区块链等新技术推动下形成的新领域新业态发展需求,知识产权保护对象扩张呈积极态势。但是,强化知识产权保护不等同于扩张知识产权制度保护对象,知识产权制度是否有助于提升社会整体福利是一个复杂的验证过程。比较法视阈下,广泛的知识产权保护范围滞缓了美国新领域产业创新的步伐。在知识社会理论框架中,中国知识产权保护对象扩张的目的应从以原创性创新激励转向原创性与持续性创新激励相结合;具体市场创新成果的知识产权适格性有必要置于完整的社会创新机制体系中进行判断,避免市场对知识产权激励机制的扭曲;知识产权制度应基于本国产业发展阶段与经济发展特点,兼顾创新激励与知识溢出效应,理性对待知识产权保护对象的扩张。Under the traditional industrial policy theory, the design of intellectual property "private right" system aims to ensure the realization of economic value, encourage market players to engage in innovative activities, promote the development of related industries, and promote the improvement of social welfare as a whole. In the face of the developmental need of new fields and new formats driven by new technologies such as artificial intelligence and block chain, the expansion of intellectual property protection objects is in a positive trend. However, strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights is not the same as expanding the protection objects of intellectual property rights system. Whether the intellectual property rights system helps to improve the overall social welfare is a complex verification process. From the perspective of comparative law, the extensive scope of intellectual property protection has slowed down the pace of industrial innovation in new fields in the United States. In the theoretical framework of the theory of learning society, the purpose of the expansion of intellectual property protection objects in China should change from original innovation incentive to the combination of original and sustainable innovation incentive. It is necessary to judge the intellectual property eligibility of specific market innovation achievements in a complete social innovation mechanism system to avoid the distortion of intellectual property incentive mechanism by the market. The intellectual property regime should be based on the stage of domestic industrial development and the characteristics of economic development, give consideration to innovation incentive and knowledge spillover effect, and treat the expansion of intellectual property protection objects rationally.

关 键 词：产业政策论 知识社会论 知识产权对象 激励创新 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]