头季与再生季稻米品质比较及留桩高度对品质性状的影响  

Comparison of Rice Quality between Main Crop and Ratoon Crop and Effects of Stubble Height on Quality Traits

作　　者：姚晓云 彭志勤[1] 陈春莲[1] 张志英 文春燕 尹建华[1] YAO Xiao-yun;PENG Zhi-qin;CHEN Chun-lian;ZHANG Zhi-ying;WEN Chun-yan;YIN Jian-hua(Rice Research Institute,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Rice(Nanchang)/Nanchang Sub-center,National Rice Improvement Center,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院水稻研究所/水稻国家工程实验室(南昌)/国家水稻改良中心南昌分中心,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2021年第6期70-76,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：江西省水稻产业技术体系项目(JXARS-02);江西省青年科学基金资助项目(20202BABL215002);江西省农业科学院博士启动基金项目(20172CBS003)。

摘　　要：为了明确头季—再生稻种植模式下稻米品质变化规律及留桩高度对品质性状的影响,也为选择适宜的优质型再生稻提供理论依据,以优质型恢复系靓占、亮莹所配杂交组合为试验材料,采用头季—再生稻模式进行种植,分析头季稻与再生稻稻米品质性状差异及其不同留桩高度对品质性状的影响。结果表明,再生季稻米精米率显著优于头季稻;再生季稻米的外观品质优于头季稻,其中垩白粒率、垩白度显著优于头季稻,再生季稻谷粒型更细长;头季稻直链淀粉含量低于再生稻,崩解值则反之;高留桩再生稻的糙米率、精米率、整精米率、透明度显著优于低留桩再生稻。头季稻与再生稻的粒型、垩白粒率、垩白度、直链淀粉含量、胶稠度、碱消值及RVA谱特征值存在显著正相关,选择优质型品种有利于改善头季和再生季的稻米品质;留桩高度对再生稻加工品质影响较大,高留桩有利于提高再生稻的加工品质。To clarify the variation rule of rice quality under the planting pattern of main crop—ratoon rice and the effects of stubble height on quality traits to provide theoretical basis of selecting suitable high quality varieties for ratoon rice,using the hybrids derived from the high-quality restorer lines Liangzhan and Langying as materials planted in the pattern of main crop—ratoon rice,the difference of rice quality between main crop and ratoon rice and the effects of stubble height on quality traits were analyzed.The results showed that the milled rice rate(MRR)of ratoon rice was significantly higher than that of main crop rice.The appearance quality of ratoon rice,with significantly lower chalky rice rate(CRR)and chalkiness degree(CD)and more slender grain shape(GS),was better than that of main crop rice.The amylose content(AC)of ratoon rice was significantly higher but the setback viscosity(SBV)was significantly lower than those of main crop rice.The brown rice rate(BRR),MRR,head rice rate(HRR)and transparency of the high-stubble ratoon rice were significantly better than those of the low-stubble ratoon rice.There existed a significant and positive correlation between main crop and ratoon rice in GS,CRR,CD,AC,gel consistency(GC),alkali spreading value(ASV)and RVA profile properties,therefore,selecting high-quality rice varieties was beneficial to improve the rice quality of the main crop and ratoon rice.The stubble height had a great influence on the milling quality of ratoon rice,with a higher stubble height beneficial to improve the milling quality.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 头季稻 再生稻 留桩高度 品质性状 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311