大熊猫生殖策略与觅食行为的耦合机制:能量−营养−气温关联效应  

Coupling Mechanism between Reproductive Strategies and Foraging Behavior of Giant Pandas:Energy-nutritiontemperature Correlation Effect

作　　者：周世强 ZHOU Shiqiang(China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda,Key Laboratory of SFGA on Conservation Biology of Rare Animals in the Giant Panda National Park,Dujiangyan 611830,China)

机构地区：[1]中国大熊猫保护研究中心大熊猫国家公园珍稀动物保护生物学国家林业和草原局重点实验室,四川都江堰611830

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2021年第6期21-28,共8页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：中国大熊猫保护研究中心2018“科研年”项目(CCRCG181928)。

摘　　要：雌性大熊猫妊娠阶段的胚泡延迟着床、胎儿快速发育以及秋季产下体型短小幼仔的生殖策略,与其食物结构中的能量含量和营养成分密切相关,从而形成了野生大熊猫特有的觅食行为模式。即野生大熊猫以主食竹富含能量和营养物质的竹笋和幼嫩竹叶为主食,少量取食竹茎、竹枝和老竹叶以及不同的竹子种类,并且随栖息环境的气温变化而垂直迁移。本文从栖息地气候的季节变化格局与野生大熊猫的垂直迁移特征、亚高山竹类的物候规律与野生大熊猫的觅食行为习性、主食竹器官的营养和能量分异与野生大熊猫的生殖生理策略,以及主食竹营养和能量的生理基础等方面综述并论证了大熊猫生殖策略与觅食行为的耦合机制:能量-营养-气温关联效应。The delayed blastocyst implantation,the rapid fetal development and the reproductive strategy of giving birth to short size cubs in autumn are closely related to the energy content and nutrients in the food structure of female giant pandas during pregnancy,thus forming the unique foraging behavior pattern of wild giant pandas.That is to say,wild giant pandas take bamboo shoots and young bamboo leaves rich in energy and nutrients as their staple food,and feed on a small amount of bamboo stems,bamboo branches,old bamboo leaves and different bamboo species,and migrate vertically with the temperature changes of the habitat environment.In this paper,the coupling energy-nutrition-temperature correlation effect mechanism between reproductive strategies and foraging behavior of giant pandas was summarized and demonstrated in the following four aspects:seasonal change pattern of habitat climate and vertical migration characteristics of wild giant pandas,phenological regularity of subalpine bamboos and foraging behavior habits of wild giant pandas,nutrition and energy differentiation of staple bamboo organs and reproductive physiological strategies of wild giant pandas,and physiological basis of nutrition and energy of staple food bamboo.

关 键 词：大熊猫 生殖策略 觅食行为 能量-营养-气温关联效应 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]