4个不同地理群体魁蚶主要可量性状特征分析  

Characters of main measurable traits of Scapharca broughtonii in 4 different geographical populations

作　　者：信炳龙 吴彪[1,2] 周丽青 杨增光[3] 孙秀俊 田吉腾 刘志鸿[1,2] 杨爱国 XIN Binglong;WU Biao;ZHOU Liqing;YANG Zengguang;SUN Xiujun;TIAN Jiteng;LIU Zhihong;YANG Aiguo(Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao 266273, China;Qingdao Future Testing-Technology Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266112, China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛266071 [3]青岛菲优特检测有限公司,青岛266112

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2021年第6期652-660,共9页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GHY115030,2019JZZY020706);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(20603022020020).

摘　　要：运用多变量形态度量学分析方法对我国大连、荣成、秦皇岛和韩国统营4个野生魁蚶(Scapharca broughtonii)群体的壳长、壳高、壳宽、体质量和软体质量等可量性状特征进行了分析,同时根据软体质量和体质量计算得到出肉率。结果显示,韩国统营群体出肉率最高,为62.4%,极显著高于其他群体(P<0.01)。相关性分析表明,大连群体各性状间相关性极显著(P<0.01),荣成群体、韩国统营群体除壳宽与其他性状相关性不显著外(P>0.05),其他性状之间均极显著相关(P<0.01),而秦皇岛群体壳长、壳高、壳宽之间以及体质量与软体质量之间相关性达到了显著水平(P<0.05)。各形态性状对软体质量的通径分析表明,大连、荣成和秦皇岛群体的壳长对软体质量直接效应最大,而韩国统营群体壳高对软体质量的直接效应最大。以软体质量为因变量,壳长、壳高、壳宽为自变量建立了4个魁蚶群体软体质量的最优回归方程。聚类分析结果表明,大连群体与荣成群体亲缘关系较近,与韩国统营群体亲缘关系最远。研究结果明确了不同地理群体魁蚶的可量性状特征以及根据形态特征区分不同地理群体魁蚶的方法,对于指导魁蚶苗种繁育过程中经济性状的选择具有重要参考价值。同时,可为魁蚶种质资源的开发利用提供理论基础。The multivariate morphometric analysis method was used to analyze the measurable traits(length,width and height of the shell;total weight and soft-tissue weight)of 4 wild populations of Scapharca broughtonii from Dalian,Rongcheng,Qinhuangdao and Korea Tongyeong.Moreover,fillet yield rate was calculated according to the total weight and soft-tissue weight.Results showed that the Korea group had the highest fillet yield rate at 62.4%,which was extremely significantly higher than those of other groups(P<0.01).Correlation analysis showed that the correlation between each trait of the Dalian group was extremely significant(P<0.01).The shell width of the Rongcheng group and the Korea Tongyeong group was not significantly correlated with other traits(P>0.05),and the correlation between other traits was extremely significant(P<0.01).The correlation among length,width and height of the shell of Qinhuangdao population and correlation between the total weight and soft-tissue weight also reached a significant level(P<0.05).The path analysis of morphological traits on soft-tissue weight showed that the shell length of Dalian,Rongcheng and Qinhuangdao group had the greatest direct effect on the soft-tissue weight,while the Korea Tongyeong group shell height had the greatest direct effect on soft-tissue weight.Then,soft-tissue weight was used as the dependent variable,and shell length,shell height,and shell width were used as independent variables to establish the optimal regression equation.The cluster analysis results showed that Dalian group was closely related to Rongcheng group,and was the farthest to Korea Tongyeong group.This study confirmed the measurable traits of different geographic groups of S.broughtonii.In shellfish breeding,different geographical groups of S.broughtonii could be distinguished according to their morphological characteristics.This method has important reference value for the selection of economic traits of shellfish.Meanwhile,this study can provide theoretical support for the development and utiliz

关 键 词：魁蚶 通径分析 回归方程 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]