三峡库区长江干流入出库断面氨氮与高锰酸钾指数负荷研究  

NH_(3)-N and COD_(Mn) load in the inlet and outlet sections of the Yangtze River in Three Gorge Reservoir Area

作　　者：黄玥 黄志霖[1] 肖文发[1] 曾立雄[1] 李晖 HUANG Yue;HUANG Zhilin;XIAO Wenfa;ZENG Lixiong;LI Hui(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Beijing 100091,China;Three Gorges Botanical Garden Management Office,Yichang 443005,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]三峡植物园管理处,湖北宜昌443005

出　　处：《浙江农林大学学报》2021年第6期1221-1230,共10页Journal of Zhejiang A&F University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC05053)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究三峡库区长江干流入出库断面污染物负荷变化及其与三峡水库水位的关系。【方法】基于三峡库区长江干流入库断面(重庆朱沱)与出库断面(湖北宜昌南津关)2013-2018年氨氮(NH_(3)-N)和高锰酸钾指数(COD_(Mn))与断面水体流量数据,采用密度分布曲线、Mann-Kendall趋势分析法对污染物负荷情况进行分析。【结果】(1)入库断面NH_(3)-N、COD_(Mn)负荷极显著高于出库断面,入库断面污染物负荷与出库断面污染物负荷极显著相关(P<0.01)。三峡库区污染主要来自入库断面与沿程支流输入,伴随水库澄清作用,污染物沿程下降。(2)入出库断面污染物负荷与三峡水库水位波动极显著负相关(P<0.01),低水位运行时污染物负荷最大,高水位运行时污染物负荷最小。(3)Mann-Kendall趋势分析结果显示:入库断面NH_(3)-N年负荷与出库断面COD_(Mn)年负荷呈显著上升趋势(P<0.05)。【结论】三峡低水位运行时水库蓄水少,水体澄清作用下降;高水位运行时水库蓄水量大,水环境稳定,有助于污染物稀释。三峡库区和上游水污染治理不容忽视。图6表4参33。[Objective] This study aims to analyze the variation of pollution load in the inlet and outlet sections of the Yangtze River in Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) area and its relationship with the water level of TGR.[Method] Based on the data of ammonia nitrogen(NH_(3)-N) and potassium permanganate index(COD_(Mn)) and water flow in TGR area from 2013 to 2018 at the inlet section(Zhutuo, Chongqing) and the outlet section(Nanjinguan, Yichang, Hubei) of the main stream of the Yangtze River, the pollution load and its relationship with the water level of TGR were analyzed through density distribution curve and Mann-kendall trend method.[Result](1)The pollution load of NH_(3)-N and COD_(Mn) in the inlet section was significantly higher than that of the outlet section, and the pollution load of the inlet and outlet sections was highly correlated(P<0.01). The pollution in TGR area mainly came from the inlet section and tributaries along the way. With the clarification of the reservoir, pollutants decreased along the way.(2) The pollution load at the inlet and outlet sections was negatively correlated with the fluctuation of water level of TGR(P<0.01).(3) Mann-Kendall trend analysis showed that the annual load of NH_(3)-N at the inlet section and that of COD_(Mn) at the outlet section increased significantly(P<0.01). [Conclusion] The pollution load is the largest when TGR is at low water level, and is the smallest when at high water level. When the water level is low, the reservoir has less water storage and the water clarifying effect decreases. When the water level is high, the reservoir has a large water storage capacity and a stable water environment, which helps to dilute pollutants. Water pollution control in TGR area and upstream should not be ignored. [Ch, 6 fig. 4 tab. 33 ref.] .

关 键 词：三峡水库 污染负荷 氨氮 高锰酸钾指数 变化趋势 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]