藏语安多话元音的音位分布及声学表现  

On Phoneme Distribution and Acoustic Performance of Vowels in Tibetan Amdo Dialect

作　　者：完么措 南拉才让 陈禹风 Pema Tso;Namlha Tsering;CHEN Yu-feng(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Northwest Minzu University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730030)

机构地区：[1]西北民族大学中国语言文学学部,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《西藏大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第4期116-122,共7页Journal of Tibet University

基　　金：2018年度国家自然科学基金项目“面向语言处理的藏语概念框架语义知识库构建研究”(项目号:61866034);中央高校基本科研业务费项目“语言资源创新团队”(项目号:31920190002);多语种语言与人工智能科研创新团队(项目号:1110130163)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：文章整理了安多藏语单元音的音位分布,同时使用声学实验方法分析了藏语安多话的单元音的音高、时长、音强和共振峰等参数。研究发现,单元音基频约在190Hz~280Hz范围。当浊辅音/r/为相邻辅音时,基频通常会降低。时长方面,元音在音节结构中的位置、前后辅音的发音方式差异都会影响元音时长。此外,后接辅音对元音的影响比前接辅音更大。音强方面,后、高圆唇元音/o、u/的音强偏高,反而前低、次低的元音音强偏小,是比较特殊的一个现象。另外,从元音格局来看,/e/的位置要比/i/更高是本次研究中发现的特殊现象。This article sorts out the phoneme distribution of the vowels in TibetanAmdo dialect,and analyzes the pitch,duration,tone intensity and formants of the vowels by using acoustic experimental methods.It is found that the fundamental frequency of the unit tone is about 190Hz-280Hz.When the voiced consonant/r/is an adjacent consonant,the fundamental frequency usually decreases.In terms of duration,the position of a vowel in the syllable structure and the difference in the pronunciation of the consonants before and after the vowel will affect the duration of the vowel.In addition,subsequent consonants have a greater impact on vowels than preceding ones.In the aspect of sound intensity,the sound intensity of the back and high round vowels/o,u/is relatively high,while the front low and second-low vowels are relatively low,which is a special phenomenon.In addition,from the perspective of the vowel pattern,the position of/e/is higher than/i/is a special phenomenon discovered in this study.

关 键 词：藏语安多话 元音 音位 声学 

分 类 号：H214[语言文字—少数民族语言]