典型岩溶槽谷区不同地表覆被土壤中多环芳烃的运移特征和来源解析  

Migration characteristic and source analysis of PAHs in soils with different surface cover in typical Karst trough Valley Area

作　　者：叶凯 孙玉川 朱琳跃[1] 蓝家程 陈畅 胡雨晴 李晓丽 YE Kai;SUN Yuchuan;ZHU Linyue;LAN Jiacheng;CHEN Chang;HU Yuqing;LI Xiaoli(Chongqing Key Laboratory of Karst Environment,School of Geographical Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,Ministry of Natural Resources/Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Institute of Karst Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Guilin 541004;State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Decertification Control,School of Karst Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001)

机构地区：[1]西南大学地理科学学院,岩溶环境重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,桂林541004 [3]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院,国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵阳550001

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2021年第12期5127-5136,共10页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(No.XDJK2019B067);广西岩溶动力学重大科技创新基地开放课题项目(No.KDL&Guangxi 202012)。

摘　　要：为探究岩溶槽谷区土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)的环境行为,选取典型的竹林地、灌丛地和耕地作为研究对象,运用气相色谱⁃质谱联用仪定量分析土壤中的PAHs.结果表明,土壤剖面中PAHs污染水平表现为竹林地(204.13 ng·g^(-1))>耕地(175.47 ng·g^(-1))>灌丛地(106.00 ng·g^(-1)),土壤质量总体良好.3种土地类型均表现为浅层土壤的PAHs含量显著高于深层土壤(p<0.05),表明岩溶区土壤对防止地下水污染具有重要意义;2~3环PAHs易运移至深层土壤,而4~6环PAHs受TOC含量的影响则主要积聚在浅层土壤,富集能力表现为灌丛地>耕地>竹林地;PAHs运移特征主要受控于有机质的吸附和水的溶解两种机制,PAHs和土壤的理化性质是影响PAHs运移的重要因素.结合同分异构体比值法和主成分分析法的源解析结果,得出研究区土壤中PAHs主要源于当地能源燃烧和交通污染,而大气沉降是重要污染途径.Typical bamboo forest land,shrub land and cultivated land in a typical karst trough valley area were selected to study the environmental behavior of PAHs by quantification of gas chromatography⁃mass spectrometry.Our results revealed that the PAHs pollution level in soil profiles was bamboo forest land(204.13 ng·g^(-1))>cultivated land(175.47 ng·g^(-1))>shrub land(106.00 ng·g^(-1)),and the soil quality was generally good.Among the three land types,the content of PAHs in surface soil was significantly higher than that in bottom soil(p<0.05),indicating that the soil in karst area was of great significance for prevention of groundwater pollution;2~3 ring PAHs could easily migrate to bottom soil layer,while 4~6 ring PAHs were mainly accumulated in surface layer,along with TOC content,and the ability to concentrate PAHs was shrub land>cultivated land>bamboo forest land;the migration characteristic of PAHs was mainly subject to adsorption of organic matter and dissolution of water,and physicochemical properties of PAHs and soil were important factors affecting the migration ability of PAHs.Source analysis results obtained by using isomer ratio method and principal component analysis method,revealed that the PAHs in soils of study area came from local energy combustion and traffic pollution,and atmospheric deposition was an important route of pollution.

关 键 词：多环芳烃(PAHs) 地表覆被 污染水平 运移特征 来源解析 岩溶槽谷区 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]