土壤重金属污染强化电动修复研究进展  

Research progress on enhanced electrokinetic remediation of heavy metal contaminated soil

作　　者：张小江 宗志强 叶静宏 秦艳[1,2] 彭程[1,2] 王冬芳 蔡冬清[1,2,3] ZHANG Xiaojiang;ZONG Zhiqing;YE Jinghong;QIN Yan;PENG Cheng;WANG Dongfang;CAI Dongqing(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Institute of Soil Remediation and Solid Waste Resource Reuse,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]东华大学土壤修复与固废资源化研究所,上海201620 [3]上海污染控制与生态安全研究院,上海200092

出　　处：《东华大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第6期91-99,共9页Journal of Donghua University(Natural Science)

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2018BBF02021);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2232020D-22);国家自然科学基金(52000025);中国科学院强磁场与离子束物理生物学重点实验室开放课题资助;中科院STS项目(KFJ-STS-QYZD-199,KFJ-STS-ZDTP-054);安徽省重大专项资助(17030701051)。

摘　　要：土壤重金属污染已成为我国重大环境问题之一,传统单一电动修复技术存在效率低、成本高、推广难等问题,近年来强化电动修复技术成为研究热点。简述土壤重金属单一电动修复的原理、影响因素及缺陷,从重金属迁移能力强化术(土壤酸碱度及重金属赋存状态调控)、电极优化术(电极材料及电极构型与形状优化、交换电极、阳极逼近、多维电极联用)和联用技术(电动-淋洗、电动-植物、电动-可渗透反应墙(PRB)、电动-超声波、电动-微生物)等3方面详述电动强化修复技术的研究进展,介绍了太阳能电池和燃料电池在电动修复中的应用并给出了电动修复的应用实例。分析并展望了土壤电动强化修复技术的发展趋势,涉及土壤pH调控、绿色助剂、高性能电极以及简化工艺。Heavy metal pollution of soil has become a major environmental problem in China. Traditional single electrokinetic remediation technology shows some shortcomings such as low efficiency, high cost, and hard extension. In recent years, the strengthening electrokinetic remediation technology has become a research focus. This article briefly describes the principle, influencing factors, and defects of the electrokinetic remediation technology. The research progress of strengthening electrokinetic remediation technology is described from three aspects including the enhancement of heavy metal migration capacity(control of soil pH and heavy metal state), electrode optimization(optimization of electrode material, configuration and shape, exchange electrode, anode approximation, multi-dimensional electrode combination), and combined technology(electric-leaching, electric-plant, electric-permeable reactive barrier(PRB), electric-ultrasonic, and electric-microorganism). The application of solar cell and fuel cell in electrokinetic remediation is presented and examples of electroremediation applications are given. The future trends of this technology are analyzed and foreseen, involving soil pH regulation, green additives, high-performance electrodes and simplified processes.

关 键 词：重金属污染 土壤 电动修复 强化 联用技术 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]