井震精细标定影响因素分析及对策--以川中高磨地区震旦系灯影组为例  

Influencing factors on fine well-to-seismic calibration:An example from Sinian Dengying Formation,Gaoshiti-Moxi area,central Sichuan Basin

作　　者：陈康[1,2] 吴仕虎 冉崎[1] 韩嵩[1] 张祎蕾 吕文正 张旋[1] 张晨[1] Chen Kang;Wu Shihu;Ran Qi;Han Song;Zhang Yilei;LV Wenzheng;Zhang Xuan;Zhang Chen(Exploration and Development Research Institute,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Chengdu,Sich­uan 610041,China;China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shangdong 266580,China;Western Sichuan Gas District,PetroChina Southwest Oil&Gasfield Company,Jiangyou,Sichuan 621700,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田公司勘探开发研究院 [2]中国石油大学(华东) [3]中国石油西南油气田公司川西北气矿

出　　处：《天然气勘探与开发》2021年第4期23-35,共13页Natural Gas Exploration and Development

基　　金：“十三·五”国家科技重大专项“四川盆地大型碳酸盐岩气田开发示范工程”(2016ZX05052);中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项“西南油气田天然气上产300亿m3关键技术研究与应用”(2016E-0604);重庆市科委自然科学基金(面上项目):四川盆地中部晚震旦世大型台缘带发育特征、形成演化及成因机制(项目编号:cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0487)。

摘　　要：井震标定地层内部反射特征匹配度低,严重制约了储层的定性和定量预测的有效开展。为此,通过井震标定的原理分析及标定过程解剖,以四川盆地中部高磨地区震旦系灯影组四段为例,总结井震标定存在的问题,进行单因素影响分析,最后给出改善井震对比的对策。研究结果表明:①研究区井震标定包括同相轴数目、能量和位置不一致三类问题,井旁地震道多出的虚假强同相轴是亟待解决的核心问题;②测井曲线预处理、地震子波提取优化和优选井震标定方法可以一定程度改善井震标定,但改变有限,不是研究区井震标定存在问题的核心原因;③研究区四段地震资料,存在多次波和过量提频处理导致低频部分缺失等问题,会导致出现虚假强轴,针对性处理可以提高井震对比效果;④井震标定是系统性研究工作,需要综合考虑测井曲线、地震子波及地震资料三因素影响,在考虑前两个因素而无法有效解决问题时,地震资料问题分析和针对性处理可能是解决问题关键所在。From the aspect of interpretation on drilling and seismic data,both synthetic record and raw seismic data are less consistent with each other when calibrating inner structures,which may severely restrict qualitative and quantitative reservoir prediction.So,the principle and process of well-to-seismic calibration were analyzed.Moreover,Sinian Dengying 4 Member,Gaoshiti-Moxi area,central Sichuan Basin,was taken as an objective to summarize some problems in the calibration,analyze influencing factors on the calibration,and make countermeasures.Results show that(1)these problems can be attributed to three inconsistencies,such as inconsistent quantity of seismic events,inconsistent energy,and inconsistent location.It is urgent to suppress the false strong events in near-well trace;(2)preprocessing well-logging data,optimizing seismic wavelet,and optimizing calibration method may only improve the calibration very little,so it is not the most urgent one;(3)because there are multiples in seismic data on Dengying 4 Member,and excessively enhancing frequency may bring low-frequency missing,resulting in stronger false events.Therefore,targeted processing may be effective for the well-to-seismic calibration;and(4)as a systematic research work,this calibration requires comprehensive considering well-logging curves,seismic wavelets,and seismic data.If the problem is still unsolved under considering the first two factors,seismic-data analysis and targeted processing may actually be the key to solve the problem.

关 键 词：高磨地区 井震精细标定 合成地震记录 强振幅反射 灯影组四段 多次波 低频缺失 优化处理 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探] P618.13[天文地球—地质学]