濒危树种闽桦天然林优势种群种间相关性  

Interspecific Correlations among Dominant Populations of Natural Forest of Endangered Species Betula fujianensis

作　　者：高伟[1,2,3] 黄雍容 林建丽[4] 黄茂根 吴兴盛 林文泉 黄石德 Gao Wei;Huang Yongrong;Lin Jianli;Huang Maogen;Wu Xingsheng;Lin Wenquan;Huang Shide(Fujian Academy of Forestry,Fuzhou 350012;Key Laboratory of Forest Culture and Forest Product Processing Utilization of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350012;Fujian Wuyishan Forest Ecosystem National Positioning Observation and Research Station,Wuyishan 354300;Forest Inventory and Planning Institute of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350003;Luoboyan Nature Reserve,Fujian Province,Sanming 365504;College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350001)

机构地区：[1]福建省林业科学研究院,福州350012 [2]福建省森林培育与林产品加工利用重点实验室,福州350012 [3]福建武夷山森林生态系统国家定位研究站,武夷山354300 [4]福建省林业调查规划院,福州350003 [5]福建省罗卜岩自然保护区,三明365504 [6]福建农林大学林学院,福州350001

出　　处：《林业科学》2021年第10期1-14,共14页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：福建省省属公益类科研专项(2018R1011-7,2019R1009-6);福建省三明市林业科研项目(明林计财〔2017〕49号)。

摘　　要：【目的】分析福建省罗卜岩自然保护区濒危树种闽桦天然林的群落组成、结构和优势种群的种间相关性,揭示闽桦群落不同层次主要物种的种间关系,探讨其濒危机制,为闽桦群落的保护、生境创造和种群恢复提供理论依据。【方法】基于样地调查,采用方差比率、Pearson相关检验和Spearman秩相关检验方法研究闽桦群落乔木层、灌木层和草本层优势种群的种间相关性,并通过主成分分析(PCA)划分不同层次的植物生态种组。【结果】闽桦群落共出现89科133属207种植物,其中乔木层25科40属64种、灌木层39科63属112种、草本层25科30属31种。乔木层中闽桦为第一优势种(重要值为23.55),其次为闽楠(重要值7.40)和台湾冬青(重要值为4.32);灌木层中草珊瑚为第一优势种(重要值为10.23),其次为细枝柃(重要值7.35)、单耳柃(重要值5.31)和闽粤栲(重要值5.09);草本层的优势种为狗脊蕨、瘤足蕨和肾蕨,重要值分别为17.24、14.80和10.51,其次为福建莲座蕨(重要值6.82)、深绿卷柏(重要值6.67)和凤丫蕨(重要值5.13)。乔木层和灌木层整体均呈显著正关联,草本层呈不显著正关联,说明闽桦群落具有较高稳定性,群落整体向顶级演替。Pearson相关检验和Spearman秩相关检验结果显示,群落中显著正相关的种对数大于显著负相关的种对数,绝大多数种对呈不显著相关或无相关性,说明多数物种呈独立分布格局;乔木层优势树种闽桦和闽楠与其他树种的相关性均不强,闽桦因更新不良在演替过程中面临较大压力,而闽楠因更新良好有随演替进行成为第一优势树种的趋势。根据种间相关关系和PCA排序划分不同层次的植物生态种组,乔木层和灌木层均可划分为4个生态组,乔木层中闽楠为单独1组,说明其具有较强独立性,而草本层可划分为3个生态组;组内物种对生境有趋同适应性,组间物种多有不同生态要求。【结论�【Objective】Community composition,structure,and interspecific correlations in dominant natural populations of Betula fujianensis,an endangered species in Luoboyan Nature Reserve of Fujian Province were investigated to reveal the interspecific relationships of the main species at different levels of B.fujianensis community,and mechanism of threatening the speceis,in order to provides a theoretical basis for the protection,habitat creation and population restoration of B.fujianensis community.【Method】Based on the investigation of sample plots,the interspecific correlations in arbor,shrub and herb layers of the dominant population of B.fujianensis natural forest was studied using variance ratio,Pearson correlation test and Spearman rank correlation test,and ecological species groups were identified at different levels based on principal component analysis(PCA).【Result】There were 207 species belonging to 133 genera and 89 families in the B.fujianensis community,including 64 species belonging to 40 genera and 25 families in the arbor tree layer,112 species belonging to 63 genera and 39 families in shrub layer and 31,species belonging to 30 genera and 25 families in herb layer.The B.fujianensis is the first dominant species in the arbor tree layer,with an importance value of 23.55,followed by Phoebe bournei and Ilex formosana,with an importance value of 7.40 and 4.32,respectively.In the shrub layer,the first dominant species is Sarcandra glabra,with an importance value of 10.23,followed by Eurya loquaiana,E.weissiae,and Castanopsis fissa,with an importance value of 7.35,5.31 and 5.09,respectively.The dominant species of herb layer are Woodwardia japonica,Plagiogyria adnata and Nephrolepis auriculata,with importance values of 17.24,14.80,and 10.51,respectively,followed by Angiopteris fokiensis,Selaginella doederleinii,and Coniogramme japonica,with an importance values of 6.82,6.67,and 5.13,respectively.The arbor tree layer and shrub layer showed significant positive association,while the herb layer showed non

关 键 词：濒危树种 闽桦 方差比率法 种间相关性 生态种组 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]