针对H型线圈的电磁脉冲焊接仿真及线圈截面结构影响分析  

Electromagnetic Pulse Welding Simulation for H-Type Coil and Analysis of the Influence of Coil Cross-Sectional Structure

作　　者：李成祥[1] 石鑫 周言[1] 杜建 姚陈果[1] Li Chengxiang;Shi Xin;Zhou Yan;Du Jian;Yao Chenguo(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044 China;State Grid Chongqing Electric Power Company Yongchuan Power Supply Branch,Chongqing 402160 China)

机构地区：[1]输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室(重庆大学),重庆400044 [2]国网重庆市电力公司永川供电分公司,重庆402160

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2021年第23期4992-5001,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：重庆市研究生科研创新资助项目(CYB20017)。

摘　　要：电磁脉冲焊接是一种环保、便捷的固态焊接技术,在异种金属焊接中具有广阔的应用前景。作为主要部件的焊接线圈,其结构是影响焊接质量的关键因素之一。该文针对常用的H型焊接线圈,建立了铜板-铝板电磁脉冲焊接的有限元仿真分析模型,该模型耦合了电路模块、磁场模块及固体力学模块,计算焊接过程中放电回路的电流、磁场的分布情况、工件上的涡流及所受洛伦兹力、工件变形的速度和位移,同时结合焊接窗口理论对采用三种典型截面结构H型线圈(5-5H,2.5-5H,7.5-5H)进行电磁脉冲焊接时工件的碰撞过程和焊接效果进行对比分析。结果表明,线圈截面结构不同,会引起铜板、铝板的位移和形变区域的改变,从而使碰撞角度、碰撞速度、碰撞前端点移动速度及其变化产生差异。相同焊接能量下,2.5-5H、5-5H、7.5-5H型线圈的碰撞角度和碰撞前端点移动速度在焊接窗口范围内的时间长度分别为0.5μs,0.5μs和0.65μs,对应的焊缝长度分别为1.015 0mm,1.202 6mm和1.440 7mm。由此可见,对于H型线圈,在一定范围内,铜板侧线圈较铝板侧越宽,越有利于实现焊接。该文研究可为H型焊接线圈的设计提供参考。Electromagnetic pulse welding is an environmentally friendly and convenient solid-state welding technology, which has broad application prospects in dissimilar metal welding. The welding coil, as the main component of the welding system, its structure is one of the key factors affecting the welding quality. In this paper, focusing on the commonly used H-type welding coils, the finite element simulation analysis model for the electromagnetic pulse welding of copper plate and aluminum plate is built, which couples the circuit module, magnetic field module and solid mechanics module. The current of the discharge circuit during the welding process, the distribution of the magnetic field, the eddy current and the Lorentz force on the workpiece, the deformation speed and displacement of the workpiece are calculated. Moreover, the collision process of the workpiece and the welding effect in electromagnetic pulse welding using three typical cross-section H-type coils(5-5 H,2.5-5 H, 7.5-5 H) are compared and analyzed based on the welding window theory. The results show that the displacement and deformation area of the copper and aluminum plates will change under different cross-section coils, thereby causing differences in the collision angle, the collision speed, the movement speed of the tip of the collision and their changes. Under the same welding energy, the time intervals of the collision angle and the coil tip movement speed of 2.5-5 H, 5-5 H, 7.5-5 H coils within the welding window range are 0.5μs, 0.5μs and 0.65μs, respectively, and the corresponding lengths of the welding seam are 1.015 0 mm, 1.202 6 mm and 1.440 7 mm, respectively. It can be seen that for H-type coils, within a certain range, the wider the coil on the copper plate side is than that on the aluminum plate side, the better it is to realize welding. This paper provides a reference for the design of H-type welding coils.

关 键 词：电磁脉冲焊接 H型线圈 数值模拟 焊接窗口 

分 类 号：TM89[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]