挂膜方法对生物膜特性及生化尾水深度处理的影响  

Effect of various biofilm formation methods on biofilm characteristic and low strength biochemical effluent treatment

作　　者：胡小兵[1,2] 陈红伟 聂勇[1,2] 李晶晶[1] 顾娴静 苏浚文 胡江楠 王振振 HU Xiao-bing;CHEN Hong-wei;NIE Yong;LI Jing-jing;GU Xian-jing;SU Jun-wen;HU Jiang-nan;WANG Zhen-zhen(College of Architectural Engineering,Anhui University of Technology,Ma'anshan 243002,China;Engineering Research Center of Water Purification and Utilization Technology Based on Biofilm Process,Ministry of Education,Ma'anshan 243032,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽工业大学建筑工程学院,安徽马鞍山243002 [2]生物膜法水质净化及利用技术教育部工程研究中心,安徽马鞍山243032

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第12期5710-5717,共8页China Environmental Science

基　　金：生物膜法水质净化及利用技术教育部工程研究中心项目(BRT19-02);安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202004h07020027)

摘　　要：为探索低浓度生化尾水生物深度处理的快速挂膜方法,采用4种方法(投加壳聚糖法、投加铁离子法、接种排泥法和自然挂膜法)进行挂膜,考察其对生物膜主要特性(生物膜量MLSS、胞外聚合物(EPS))和废水处理效果的影响.结果表明:在挂膜期间,投加壳聚糖法有利于生物膜量、EPS迅速增加,两者平均含量达到4种方法中的最大值,分别为(9.26±3.30)mg/cm^(3)和(4_(2.5)1±33.49)mg/(gSS),但其生物膜活性f值最低,污染物的去除效果不是最佳;投加铁离子成膜时,生物膜特性稳定,活性高,污染物去除效果最佳,COD_(Cr)、NH^(+)_(4)-N、TP去除率分别较快稳定在(66.13±2.30)%、(92.03±7.72)%和(62.75±4.41)%;接种排泥法的生物膜量、EPS均含量、污染物去除效果比投加壳聚糖、铁离子法稍低;自然挂膜法前期对污染物去除率低,稳定时间较长,除TP外,COD_(Cr)、NH^(+)_(4)-N去除率在挂膜后期与投加壳聚糖法、接种排泥法相差不大.综合地看,投加铁离子法,虽然生物膜量、EPS含量略低于投加壳聚糖法,但生物膜活性高、污染去除效果好,是低浓度尾水挂膜的最佳方法.In order to explore the most suitable method of biofilm formation for the advanced biological treatment of low strength biochemical effluent.We compared four different biofilm formation methods including chitosan-addition method,iron-ion-addition method,activated-sludge-inoculation,and natural-biofilm-formation method to evaluate the biofilm characteristics,i.e.the mixed liquor suspended sludge(MLSS),and the extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)and thus the wastewater treatment performance.The results showed that,compared with the other methods,the chitosan-addition method favored the rapid increase of biofilm biomass and EPS during the biofilm formation period,with the maximum achieved contents respectively of(9.26±3.30)g/cm^(3)and(4_(2.5)1±33.49)mg/(gSS).However,the biofilm activity value f and pollutant removal efficiency were not satisfactory by using chitosan-addition method.Moreover,stable biofilm characteristics,high activity and excellent pollutant removal efficiency were achieved by using iron-ion-addition method.The removal rates of COD_(Cr),NH^(+)_(4)-N and TP were rapidly stabilized at(66.13±2.30)%,(92.03±7.72)%and(62.75±4.41)%,respectively.Furthermore,by using activated-sludge-inoculation method,the biofilm biomass,the average contents of EPS and pollutants removal efficiency were lower than with the chitosan-addition and iron-ion-addition methods.Finally,by using natural-biofilm-formation method the pollutant removal efficiency was at lower level in early stage,and to reach stability needs a long time.Except for TP,COD_(Cr) and NH^(+)_(4)-N removal rates in the later stage of biofilm formation,there was no obvious difference between natural-biofilm-formation method,the chitosan-addition method and the activated-sludge-inoculation method.Overall,although with the iron-ion-addition method,the biofilm biomass and the EPS content were a little lower than those by using chitosan-addition method,it was the most appropriate method for advanced treatment of low strength biochemical effluent because o

关 键 词：低浓度尾水 挂膜 胞外聚合物 生物膜稳定性 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]