植物添加剂对干乳期奶牛消化、瘤胃发酵及血液代谢物的影响  

Effects of plant feed additives on digestion,rumen fermentation and blood metabolites of dairy cows during dry period

作　　者：李涵 许谦 LI Han;XU Qian(College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province 310058,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei Province 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学动物科学学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]华中农业大学动物医学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国饲料》2021年第22期39-42,共4页China Feed

摘　　要：文章旨在评估全混合日粮添加不同植物添加剂对干乳期奶牛采食、消化、瘤胃发酵及血液代谢物浓度的影响。试验将72头处于干乳期的荷斯坦奶牛随机分为3组,每组4个重复,每个重复6头,试验为期6周。各组奶牛分别饲喂基础全混合日粮、基础全混合日粮+100 mg/kg大蒜素及基础全混合日粮+100 mg/kg柠檬醛。结果 :与对照组相比,大蒜素和柠檬醛组奶牛的干物质表观消化率显著提高3.31%和2.92%(P <0.05),而中性洗涤纤维表观消化率显著提高6.06%和7.27%(P <0.05)。对照组和大蒜素组奶牛采食前瘤胃乙酸与丙酸比值较柠檬醛组分别显著提高2.53%和3.25%(P <0.05),而大蒜素组奶牛采食后4 h乙酸与丙酸比值较对照组和柠檬醛组分别显著提高4.42%和4.00%(P <0.05)。对照组奶牛采食后4 h血液尿素氮浓度较大蒜素和柠檬醛组分别显著提高12.00%和16.10%(P <0.05)。结论 :在本研究条件下,全混合日粮补充100 mg/kg大蒜素或柠檬醛可以显著提高干物质中性洗涤纤维表观消化率,降低血清尿素氮浓度。The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different plant additives on feeding,digestion,rumen fermentation and blood metabolite concentration of dairy cows during dry milk period. Seventy-two Holstein dairy cows were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group and 6 dairy cows per replicate. During the dry milk period(42 days),dairy cows in each group were fed a total mixed basal diet,a total mixed basal diet +100 mg/kg allicin and a total mixed basal diet +100 mg/kg citral,respectively. Results :Compared with the control group,the apparent digestibility of dry matter in allicin and citral groups was significantly increased by 3.31% and 2.92%(P < 0.05),and the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber was significantly increased by 6.06% and 7.27%(P < 0.05). The ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid in the rumen of control group and allicin group before feeding was significantly increased by 2.53% and 3.25% compared with citral group(P < 0.05),and the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid 4 h after feeding in allicin group was significantly increased by 4.42% and 4.00% compared with control group and citral group(P < 0.05),respectively. The blood urea nitrogen concentration in control group at 4 h after feeding was significantly increased by 12.00% and 16.10% compared with allicin and citral groups(P < 0.05),respectively. Conclusion :Under the conditions of this study,the total mixed diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg allicin or citral can significantly increase the apparent digestibility of dry matter neutral detergent fiber and reduce the concentration of blood urea nitrogen.

关 键 词：植物添加剂 干乳期 奶牛 瘤胃发酵 血液代谢物 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]