南宋学士院的演变与衰落原因探析  

Evolution and Decline of the Bachelor’s Collegein the Southern Song Dynasty

作　　者：李垚 LI Yao(Research Center of Song History,Hebei University,Baoding 071002,Hebei)

机构地区：[1]河北大学宋史研究中心,河北保定071002

出　　处：《陇东学院学报》2021年第6期64-69,共6页Journal of Longdong University

摘　　要：学士院是唐宋时期极为重要的秘书机构;其除授与待遇都与其他官职迥异,承担着沟通上下内外,参佐君主的重要职能。南宋学士院作为宣发王言的口舌之司,在南宋建立之初也同样随着时代需要做出了调整,并形成了自身运转的一套新规程。但随着时代的发展,南宋学士院官职的除授、晋升与职能随时局而逐渐走向混乱。学士院除草诏职能外,其参谋顾问职能日渐衰微,变成了单纯起草文字之司,学士院官在政治生活中的地位与参与效果日渐降低。南宋学士院的衰落原因主要在于南宋“文治”逐渐衰落,相权的膨胀与皇权的衰落,时代风气的转变与士人阶层的堕落。The Bachelor’s College was a secretarial institution in the Tang and Song dynasties.In addition to granting treatment,it was different from other lawsuits.It undertakes the function of communicating up and down,inside and outside,and assisting the monarch.At the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty,the college made adjustments with the needs of the times,and formed a set of new rules.However,with the development of time,the removal,promotion and functions of the officials of the college became chaotic.In addition to the function of drafting imperial edicts,the function of staff and consultant of the college is declining,becoming a department of drafting words,and the status and participation effect of the officials of the college in political life are decreasing.The main reasons for the decline are the gradual decline of the“rule of culture”,the expansion of the prime minister’s power and the decline of the imperial power,the change of the atmosphere of the time and the degeneration of the scholar class.

关 键 词：南宋学士院 职能 衰落原因 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]