瓶鼻海豚(Tursiops truncatus)及其近缘物种牛(Bos taurus)TLR 8基因免疫应答功能的探究  

Research on TLR 8 Gene Immune Response Function of Bottlenose Dolphins(Tursiops truncatus)and Cattle(Bos taurus)

作　　者：谷龙 章纬菁 于芳芳 任文华[1] Gu Long;Zhang Weijing;Yu Fangfang;Ren Wenhua(School of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期43-52,68,共11页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31872219、31370401、31772448、31630071).

摘　　要：鲸类是陆生哺乳动物的后代,大约在5600万年前从陆地过渡到海洋,鲸类自身免疫机能为了应对海洋病原体的挑战发生了适应进化.TLR 8基因属于病毒型Toll样受体家族成员,被病原体诱导后激活下游信号通路,在调节机体抵抗病原体感染的免疫方面发挥着重要作用.本研究分析了瓶鼻海豚(Tursiops truncatus)及其近缘陆生物种牛(Bos taurus)的TLR 8基因的结构,克隆了TLR 8基因并构建重组质粒转染人胚肾细胞系HEK293细胞,再用TLR 8人工合成激动剂R848刺激该细胞,检测TLR 8信号通路下游基因NF-κB和IL-8的表达差异.实验结果表明,两个物种的NF-κB和IL-8表达量均显著高于空载体转染组,而瓶鼻海豚的表达量又均低于牛.由此推测,在应对异源刺激时TLR 8基因发挥了免疫功能,为了适应不同于陆地环境的海洋环境,鲸类采取了和陆生哺乳动物不同的应对策略和模式.Cetaceans are the descendants of terrestrial mammals.They transitioned from land to ocean about 56 million years ago.The autoimmune function of cetaceans evolved to meet the challenges of marine pathogens.TLR 8 gene is a member of the viral Toll-like receptor family.It activates downstream signal pathways after being induced by pathogens,and plays an important role in regulating the body’s immunity against pathogen infection.In this study,we analyzed the structure of the TLR8 gene of the bottlenose dolphin(Tursiops truncatus)and cattle(Bos taurus),cloned the TLR8 gene and constructed a recombinant plasmid to transfect the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 cells,and then stimulated the TLR 8 synthetic agonist R848 Cells,to detect the differences in the expression of NF-κB and IL-8 downstream of the TLR8 signaling pathway.The experimental results showed that the expression levels of NF-κB and IL-8 of the two species were significantly higher than those of the empty vector transfection group,while the expression levels of bottlenose dolphins were lower than those of cattle.It is speculated that the TLR 8 gene exerts an immune function in response to heterologous stimuli.In order to adapt to the marine environment different from the terrestrial environment,cetaceans have adopted different coping strategies and models from terrestrial animals.

关 键 词：瓶鼻海豚 牛 TLR 8 基因 NF-ΚB IL-8 

分 类 号：Q594[生物学—生物化学]