儒艮保护区秋冬季鱼类多样性研究  

Study on Fish Diversity in Autumn and Winter Around Guangxi Hepu Dugong Nature Reserve and Adjacent Waters

作　　者：张迪 戴建华[2] 孟祥垚 杨宝田[1] 张宏科 周煜 乔莹 陈炳耀[2] Zhang Di;Dai Jianhua;Meng Xiangyao;Yang Baotian;Zhang Hongke;Zhou Yu;Qiao Ying;Chen Bingyao(School of Life Sciences,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China;School of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Hepu Dugong National Nature Reserve Management Center,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Beihai 536000,China;The Fourth Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beibu Gulf Cetacean Research and Conservation Center,Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学生命科学学院,辽宁沈阳110034 [2]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210023 [3]广西壮族自治区合浦儒艮国家级自然保护区管理中心,广西北海536000 [4]自然资源部第四海洋研究所,北部湾鲸豚研究与保护中心,广西北海536000

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期76-84,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：广西合浦儒艮保护区横向课题资助.

摘　　要：广西合浦儒艮国家级自然保护区位于北部湾东北部,目前以保护鲸豚类动物为主,为研究鲸豚类的食物资源——鱼类资源多样性情况,2018—2019年秋冬季,对儒艮保护区及其邻近海域开展鱼类资源底拖网调查.结果表明,该海域共捕获鱼类124种,隶属14目44科92属.相对重要性指数IRI表明2018年10月线纹鳗鲶(Plotosus lineatus)为优势种,2019年1月铅点东方鲀(Takifugu alboplumbeus)和犬牙缰鰕虎鱼(Amoya caninus)为优势种,2019年10月条马鲾(Equulites rivulatus)、鹿斑仰口鲾(Secutor ruconius)为优势种.平均捕获量呈季节性增长和年际间下降.聚类分析结果表明三个时期鱼类群落结构空间差异较大.三个时期鱼类平均属-科多样性指数(G-F指数)都比较高,分别为0.68、0.75和0.71.综上所述,儒艮保护区鱼类资源多样性较高,群落结构空间差异较大,渔获量有所下降,建议加强对该水域鱼类资源的保护.Guangxi Hepu Dugong National Nature Reserve is located in the northeastern part of the Beibu Gulf,and aimed at protecting cetaceans currently.For clarifying the food resources of cetaceans,we conducted bottom trawl surveys of fish resources in Dugong reserve and adjacent waters in the autumn and winter of 2018-2019.The results showed that a total of 124 species of fish were caught,belonging to 14 orders,44 families and 92 genera.The relative importance index IRI showed that the striped eel catfish(Plotosus lineatus)in October 2018 was the dominant species,while pufferfish(Takifugu alboplumbeus)and tropical sand goby(Amoya caninus)in January 2019,and offshore ponyfish(Equulites rivulatus)and deep pugnose ponyfish(Secutor ruconius)in October 2019,correspondingly.The average catch showed a seasonal increase and an inter-annual declination.The cluster analysis indicated that fish community structure in different three periods varied significantly.The average genus-family diversity index(G-F)of fish were relatively high,which were 0.68,0.75 and 0.71,respectively in three periods.To sum up,the diversity of fish resources in the Dugong Reserve was relatively high,the community structure varied significantly,and the catch has declined.It is recommended to strengthen the protection of fish resources in this area.

关 键 词：儒艮保护区 群落结构 优势种 鱼类多样性 鱼类资源 

分 类 号：S932.4[农业科学—渔业资源] Q-9[农业科学—水产科学]